Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology
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Although animal studies have consistently demonstrated long-term neurocognitive deficits following early anesthetic exposure under certain conditions, risk in human children remains unknown. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in young patients often requires anesthesia to facilitate image acquisition. We studied MRI utilization in a pediatric population, and associated use of anesthesia for ambulatory MRI. ⋯ Significant percentages of MRI in children are associated with use of anesthesia, particularly in younger children, a population potentially more vulnerable to anesthetic neurotoxicity. Discussion of risks and benefits of anesthesia for MRI in children among physicians, patients, and families is recommended.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Oct 2016
Meta AnalysisPhysical Activity and Cognitive Development: A Meta-Analysis.
Is there an association between regular exercise, defined as a structured program of increased physical activity at least 1 month in duration, and improvements in measures of executive functions compared with children who engage in their normal daily activities? ⋯ Increased regular physical activity is associated with a small and measurable, improvement in neuropsychological tests of executive functions, specifically inhibitory control. Executive functions play an important role in complex behavior, and may contribute to academic and career achievement as well as success in social interaction. This finding provides support for the important interaction between exercise and cognitive functioning.
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J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Oct 2016
Randomized Controlled TrialLidocaine Reduces Acute Postoperative Pain After Supratentorial Tumor Surgery in the PACU: A Secondary Finding From a Randomized, Controlled Trial.
Perioperative lidocaine infusion has been reported to reduce postoperative pain in patients after abdominal surgery; however, no study has examined lidocaine's effect on acute postoperative pain after supratentorial tumor surgery. ⋯ Intraoperative infusion of lidocaine significantly decreases the proportion of patients with acute pain after supratentorial tumor surgery in the PACU.
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During the second day of the Pediatric Anesthesia NeuroDevelopment Assessment (PANDA) symposium 2016, 3 invited speakers focused on future directions for the PANDA group. This session, entitled "The Way Forward," included 3 talks on how other groups have organized through public-private partnerships (ACTTION), obtained NIH funding, and how to better communicate a research message. Dr Robert H. ⋯ Dr Tracy King discussed National Institute of Health funding for future studies in neurocognitive development after exposure to anesthetics. Dr Sharon Hertz discussed how the PANDA group might better craft their message to the public regarding effects of analgesics on neurocognitive development. Through their talks, the above speakers provided a clear route for the way forward in regard to research, funding, and messaging for the PANDA group.