Journal of neurosurgical anesthesiology
-
The opioid epidemic in the United States has resulted in a significant increase in opioid use disorder among pregnant women and a concomitant increase in the incidence of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome. The long-term consequences of prenatal opioid exposure on neurodevelopmental outcomes are not fully understood. Animal studies indicate increased neuronal apoptosis and decreased neuronal proliferation and myelination with opioid exposure in-utero. ⋯ However, current studies have primarily focused on heroin or methadone exposure and have been limited by small sample size, inadequate comparison groups, and the inability to account for additional risk factors and exposures such as polysubstance abuse, poor prenatal care, neonatal withdrawal and treatment with opioids, and unsupportive home environment. Future studies should aim to better understand the potential impact of these confounding factors on the neurodevelopmental trajectory of exposed infants. This review discusses the up-to-date literature, current gaps in knowledge, and considerations for future studies in the arena of prenatal opioid exposure and neurodevelopmental outcomes.
-
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2023
Variability in Resource Utilization in the Evaluation and Management of Simple Febrile Seizures Inpatients in US Children's Hospitals.
To characterize resource utilization in the evaluation and treatment of hospitalized simple febrile seizure (SFS) patients in US tertiary pediatric hospitals. ⋯ No specific hospital-level factors were identified that contributed to the variation in resource utilization in the evaluation and management of hospitalized SFS patients.
-
J Neurosurg Anesthesiol · Jan 2023
Adverse Events in the Pediatric Cardiac Catheterization Suite: Does Having Pediatric Cardiac Anesthesiologists Make a Difference?
It has been suggested that anesthesiologists with subspecialty expertise in pediatric cardiac anesthesia are best qualified to care for patients with complex congenital cardiac anomalies and manage the complex physiology frequently encountered in the pediatric cardiac catheterization lab. We evaluated the incidence of adverse events in our pediatric cardiac catheterization lab, comparing care provided by cardiac and noncardiac pediatric attending anesthesiologists. ⋯ In our analysis, the incidence of adverse events in the pediatric cardiac catheterization lab during the study period was not statistically different, whether anesthesia care was provided by a cardiac or a noncardiac anesthesiologist.