Journal of clinical pharmacology
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Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical Trial
Analgesic efficacy of controlled-release oxycodone in postoperative pain.
The efficacy and safety of graded doses (10, 20, and 30 mg) of controlled-release (CR) oxycodone was compared with that of immediate-release (IR) oxycodone (15 mg), immediate-release oxycodone 10 mg in combination with acetaminophen 650 mg (APAP), and placebo in a single-dose, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study. The participants, 182 inpatients experiencing moderate to severe pain after abdominal or gynecologic surgery, provided hourly ratings of pain intensity and relief for 12 hours after administration. All active treatments were significantly superior to placebo for many hourly measurements and for the sum of pain intensity differences (SPID) and total pain relief (TOTPAR). ⋯ Duration of pain relief showed that the 10-, 20-, and 30-mg doses of CR oxycodone had durations of action of 10 to 12 hours compared with IR oxycodone and oxycodone plus APAP (both approximately 7 hours). Typical adverse events, particularly somnolence, occurred in all active treatment groups. Treatment with CR oxycodone was safe and effective in this study, and its characteristics will be beneficial in the treatment of pain.
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The educational value of case reports and the four main categories of information they include are described. Checklists and directions for effective spoken presentations are detailed, so the presenter knows not only the information the audience is likely to expect, but the techniques that will help convey the information. A typical case as it might be presented during rounds is shown with questions for discussion. Guidelines for writing case reports for publication also are included, such as journal selection, descriptions of the standard and nonstandard case formats, the content of the three main sections of the typical case report, and the directions that journal editors typically ask reviewers to follow.