Critical reviews in oncology/hematology
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Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. · May 2019
Meta AnalysisRisk of fatal adverse events in cancer patients treated with sunitinib.
Sunitinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, is widely used in several malignancies. However, the association between sunitinib administration and fatal adverse events (FAEs) is not completely clear. Here, to calculate the overall incidence and relative risks (RRs) of FAE induced by sunitinib, PubMed and Embase were searched from inception to September 2017 for phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs). ⋯ The association between sunitinib and FAEs varied significantly with treatment duration or treatment strategy, but not with tumor types or sunitinib dosage. The most common causes of FAEs was hemorrhage (26.9%). In conclusion, the use of sunitinib was associated with an increased risk of FAEs in patients with solid tumors.
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Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. · Mar 2019
Meta AnalysisEffect of neoadjuvant chemotherapy on locally advanced upper tract urothelial carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) for the management of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC) remains controversial. The aim of present study was to evaluate the contemporary role of NAC for patients with locally advanced UTUC through systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature. ⋯ NAC treatment before radical nephroureterectomy might provide better survival outcomes in patients with locally advanced UTUC. Prospective randomized studies are needed to confirm the benefits of NAC in locally advanced UTUC patients.
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Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. · Dec 2018
Review Meta AnalysisHormone replacement therapy after prophylactic risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy and breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers: A meta-analysis.
Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been tested in women with BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations who underwent risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), but its effect on breast cancer (BC) risk has never been appraised using meta-analysis comparison. We performed the first meta-analysis aimed to clarify whether HRT after RRSO could negatively impact on BC risk in women carriers of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. ⋯ HRT use after RRSO in BRCA 1 and BRCA2 mutation carries does not affect BC risk. Comparison of the different HRT types suggests that estrogen alone should be related to lowest BC risk.
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Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. · Oct 2018
ReviewRole of vena cava filters for the management of cancer-related venous thromboembolism: Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Results from cohort studies evaluating the benefit in prevention of recurrent Venous Thromboembolism in cancer population are heterogeneous and controversial. ⋯ Vena cava filter did not show benefits for recurrent venous thromboembolism prevention in the cancer-patients population.
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Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. · Oct 2018
ReviewBiomarkers of response to immune checkpoint blockade in cancer treatment.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICPis) are emerging as the new corner stone of cancer treatment due to their ability to produce durable responses in patients with various cancers. But, objective responses to ICPis vary among each type of cancer. ⋯ However, given the complexity of the tumor microenvironment and the dynamic interaction between tumor and immune cells, development of robust biomarkers to predict patients who are likely to respond to treatment with ICPis remains a challenge. In this review we present an overview of the immune monitoring strategies that are currently in use to enable appropriate patient selection.