Critical reviews in oncology/hematology
-
Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. · Apr 2018
Review Meta Analysis Comparative StudyComparison of whole body magnetic resonance imaging (WBMRI) to whole body computed tomography (WBCT) or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) in patients with myeloma: Systematic review of diagnostic performance.
To undertake a systematic review to determine the diagnostic performance of whole body MRI (WBMRI) including diffusion weighted sequences (DWI) compared to whole body computed tomography (WBCT) or 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/CT (18F-FDG PET/CT) in patients with myeloma. ⋯ Studies were heterogeneous, the majority lacking an independent reference standard. Future prospective trials should address these limitations and assess the impact of WBMRI on management.
-
Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. · Jan 2018
ReviewA review of the literature on the relationships between genetic polymorphisms and chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting.
Despite current advances in antiemetic treatments, between 30% to and 60% of oncology patients experience chemotherapy-induced nausea (CIN) and 13% to 33% report chemotherapy-induced vomiting (CIV). Inter-individual differences are observed in the occurrence and severity of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). ⋯ Across these studies, three SNPs in 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor (5-HT3R) genes, two alleles of the cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily D member 6 (CYP2D6) gene, and three SNPs in ATP binding cassette subfamily B member 1 (ABCB1) gene were associated with the occurrence and severity of CINV. Given the limited number of polymorphisms evaluated, additional research is warranted to identify new mechanisms to develop more targeted therapies.
-
Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. · Jan 2018
ReviewEffects of exercise on cancer patients suffering chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy undergoing treatment: A systematic review.
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is the most common neurological and clinically relevant side effect of many commonly used chemotherapeutic agents. Moreover, little effort has been done to investigate the potentially beneficial effects of specific exercises to counteract the CIPN symptoms. ⋯ This systematic review comes from a highly selected but small source of data. Nevertheless, specific exercise for cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with CIPN symptoms should be recommended since these interventions appeared as feasible and have been demonstrated as useful tools to counteract some of the limitations due to chemotherapy.
-
Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. · Nov 2017
Review Meta AnalysisNot all immune-checkpoint inhibitors are created equal: Meta-analysis and systematic review of immune-related adverse events in cancer trials.
Targeting immune checkpoints is a novel approach in cancer therapy. This strategy may trigger immune related adverse events (irAE). We hypothesize that the incidence of irAE will be greater in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting only immune cells compared to those that also target tumor cells (PD-L1). In addition, we compared the specific irAE profile and overall response rate (ORR) for each ICI by target(s). ⋯ Our systematic review supported our mechanistic-driven hypothesis. We encourage investigators to report the incidence of irAE in future ICI combination trials.
-
Crit. Rev. Oncol. Hematol. · Nov 2017
ReviewCombination immunotherapy strategies in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Does biological rationale meet clinical needs?
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have emerged as one of the main new therapeutic options for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. Even though they demonstrated superiority towards standard chemotherapy in different disease settings, the response rates do not exceed 45% in highly molecularly selected patients. ⋯ The study of the different strategies adopted by tumor cells to escape the immune system lays the basis of the new combination strategies. This review focuses on analyzing the biological rationale and early clinical data available concerning therapeutic strategies combining ICIs together, ICIs with different regimens and schedules of standard chemotherapy, ICIs with tyrosine kinase inhibitors, ICIs with antiangiogenic agents and ICs with radiotherapy.