European journal of internal medicine
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Eur. J. Intern. Med. · May 2023
Association of IgG4-related disease and systemic rheumatic disorders.
Autoimmune disorders can occur together especially in genetically predisposed individuals. We here aimed to assess the occurrence of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) in association with other systemic immune-mediated conditions. ⋯ Our observation suggests that "secondary" IgG4-RD can present in the context of pre-existing systemic immune-mediated disorders and complicate systemic autoimmune diseases as well as chronic granulomatous conditions. Further studies are needed to define whether this peculiar clinical scenario is associated with different genetic backgrounds, pathological bases, and long-term outcomes.
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Eur. J. Intern. Med. · May 2023
ReviewMetabolically healthy obesity: Misleading phrase or healthy phenotype?
Obesity is a heterogenous condition with multiple different phenotypes. Among these a particular subtype exists named as metabolically healthy obesity (MHO). MHO has multiple definitions and its prevalence varies according to study. ⋯ Therefore, it should not be considered as a benign condition. The major therapeutic alternatives include dietary modifications, exercise, bariatric surgery and certain medications including glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) analogs, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors and tirzepatide. In this review, we discuss the significance of MHO while comparing this phenotype with MUO.
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Eur. J. Intern. Med. · May 2023
Patients with Whipple's disease have a high prevalence of Helicobacter pylori infection.
Whipple's disease is a rare systemic infection due to an impaired immunological response against T. whipplei in genetically predisposed individuals. Since we previously noted development of H. pylori related complications in some patients with Whipple's disease, our aim was to study the prevalence of H. pylori infection and H. pylori related disorders in Whipple's disease. ⋯ H. pylori infection and related disorders are common in patients with Whipple's disease and should always be excluded both at time of diagnosis and during follow-up. These findings should be taken into account when selecting antibiotics for Whipple's disease long-term prophylaxis.