Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1996
Midlatency auditory evoked potentials during anaesthesia with increasing endexpiratory concentrations of desflurane.
Under general anaesthesia with the volatile anaesthetics halothane, enflurane and isoflurane, midlatency auditory evoked potentials (MLAEP) are suppressed dose-dependently. Therefore, MLAEP have been used to measure depth of anaesthesia and to indicate intraoperative awareness. Desflurane is a new volatile anaesthetic and its effect on MLAEP have not been studied previously. ⋯ Based on these observations, endexpiratory concentrations of > or = 4.5 vol % desflurane should suppress awareness phenomena such as auditory perceptions during anaesthesia.
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Although several epidural catheterizations in small animals have been reported, all of them were performed surgically and no percutaneous method has been reported. We have established a technique for percutaneous chronic epidural catheterization in rabbits. ⋯ This rabbit model can be used to investigate the effects of epidurally administered drugs.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1996
No additional metal particle formation using the needle-through-needle combined epidural/spinal technique.
Combined epidural/spinal analgesia utilizing a needle-through-needle technique has become very popular in anesthesia. However, findings of concave deformities at the orifice of Tuohy needles after spinal needle passage have raised concerns that metal fragments might be deposited within the epidural space. This study was proposed to investigate whether the needle-through-needle technique does produce metallic flecks. ⋯ Metallic particles are not produced by the needle-through-needle technique. However, metal particles are an apparent contaminant of all epidural needles and are probably routinely introduced into patients when the needle is placed.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1996
Neutrophil and macrophage activation and anaphylatoxin formation in orthotopic liver transplantation without the use of veno-venous bypass.
Activation of neutrophils and activation of complement may be an aetiologic factor behind circulatory insufficiency in association with reperfusion of the grafted liver. ⋯ Activation of neutrophils and macrophages and of the complement cascade with the formation of biologically active substances may be one explanation for the circulatory instability often seen in patients undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1996
The efficacy of intrathecal injection of sufentanil using a microspinal catheter for labor analgesia.
Intrathecal sufentanil can provide labor analgesia. We investigated the efficacy of multiple injections and the maternal and neonatal effects of intrathecal sufentanil during labor. Seventeen healthy women in active labor received multiple injections of intrathecal sufentanil of 5 micrograms each through microspinal catheters. ⋯ Results from our study suggest that multiple small doses of sufentanil administered intrathecally provided satisfactory analgesia for parturients with short duration of labor since acute tolerance developed with multiple injections. High incidence of mild or moderate pruritus was observed during the study. Close attention should be given to hemodynamically unstable patients when this technique is applied.