Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe effects of two rewarming strategies on heat balance and metabolism after coronary artery bypass surgery with moderate hypothermia.
Postoperative hypothermia is common in cardiac surgery with hypothermic cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). This trial was designed to evaluate whether rewarming over the normal bladder temperature (over 37 degrees C) at the end of hypothermic CPB combined with passive heating methods after CPB might result in a better heat balance, lower energy expenditure (EE) and decrease of disturbances in oxygen balance compared to only rewarming the patients to a bladder temperature of 35-37 degrees C. ⋯ With rewarming the patients at the end of CPB to a bladder temperature of over 37 degrees C combined with passive heating methods after CPB, it was possible to decrease EE and VO2 compared to the control group (rewarmed to bladder temperature of 35-37 degrees C) after coronary artery bypass surgery with moderate hypothermia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1999
Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of ketorolac in children, adolescents and adults.
Previous pharmacokinetic studies on racemic ketorolac using nonstereoselective analytical methods have indicated that the plasma clearance of ketorolac is higher and the volume of distribution greater in children than in adults. The aim of this study was to study the stereoselective pharmacokinetics of racemic ketorolac in children, adolescents and adults. ⋯ On a pharmacokinetic basis, the maintenance dose requirements of ketorolac are similar in children, adolescents and adults.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1999
Case ReportsUltrasonographically guided percutaneous dilatational tracheostomy after anterior cervical spine fixation.
Patients with anterior cervical spine fixation (ACSF) after acute spinal cord injury often require tracheostomy for prolonged ventilatory support and upper respiratory tract clearance. The authors report two patients with ACSF who underwent a successful ultrasonographically guided percutaneous tracheostomy with dilatation forceps technique. Possible advantages of the ultrasonographically guided method with dilatation forceps in patients with ACSF are discussed.
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Two young healthy non-asthmatic non-smoking patients developed partial laryngospasm directly post-anaesthesia extubation after routine varicocelectomy and perianal abscess drainage operations under general anaesthesia. Nitroglycerin was administered intravenously in a dose of 4 microg/kg for both cases. The laryngospasm was completely relieved within a minute of nitroglycerin administration in both cases and the relief was maintained thereafter. The two cases suggest that nitroglycerin can be effective in the treatment of post-extubation partial laryngospasm in ASA (class I) patients.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1999
Effects of intrathecal morphine, clonidine and baclofen on allodynia after partial sciatic nerve injury in the rat.
Increased response to mechanical or cold stimulation of hind paws was observed in rats with partial sciatic nerve injury as a result of photochemically induced ischemia. The present study examined the effects of intrathecal morphine, clonidine and baclofen on the allodynia-like responses. ⋯ The present data suggest that intrathecal morphine, and to some extent clonidine, but not baclofen, alleviated the abnormal pain-related behaviors in this new rat model of partial peripheral nerve injury. Differences in the pharmacological profile between the present model and other models of peripheral nerve injury are discussed.