Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2003
Clinical TrialIntraoperative changes in arterial oxygenation during volume-controlled mechanical ventilation in modestly obese patients undergoing laparotomies with general anesthesia.
In obese patients, arterial oxygenation can be greatly impaired during general anesthesia. Both avoidance of denitrogenation and application of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) during mechanical ventilation may be effective in preventing such impairment of arterial oxygenation. ⋯ In obese or overweight patients under general anesthesia, it may be advisable to avoid denitrogenation and apply PEEP during mechanical ventilation in order to minimize the impairment of arterial oxygenation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEMLA does not permit pain-free retrobulbar injection.
Retrobulbar injection can be associated with significant pain, due to both needle insertion and deposition of the local anaesthetic solution. The local anaesthetic cream EMLA (eutectic mixture of local anaesthetics) which contains a mixture of lignocaine and prilocaine has been shown to reduce the pain associated with skin puncture. The efficacy of EMLA in alleviating the pain of retrobulbar injection for cataract surgery was assessed in this study. ⋯ EMLA does not permit pain-free retrobulbar injection.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2003
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialResistive load of laryngeal mask airway and ProSeal laryngeal mask airway in mechanically ventilated patients.
The ProSeal Laryngeal Mask Airway (PLMA) ventilation tube is narrower and shorter than the standard Laryngeal Mask Airway (LMA) and is without the vertical bars at the end of the tube. In this randomized, crossover study, PLMA and LMA resistances were compared. ⋯ The standard LMA offers a lower resistive load than the PLMA. Moreover, the fitting between the laryngeal masks and the larynx, as fiberoptically evaluated, plays a major role in determining the resistive properties of these devices.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2003
Clinical TrialInfluences on serum concentrations of morphine, M6G and M3G during routine clinical drug monitoring: a prospective survey in 300 adult cancer patients.
In order to make treatment decisions physicians should have knowledge about the relations between patient characteristics and drug disposition. Dose, route of administration, gender, age and renal function are reported to influence the serum concentrations of morphine, morphine-6-glucurnide (M6G) and morphine-3-glucuronide (M3G) during chronic treatment of cancer pain. These factors, however, are not evaluated in studies with a sample size sufficient to explore predictive factors. ⋯ Patient characteristics predict only minor parts of the variability of morphine, M3G and M6G serum concentrations observed during routine clinical drug-monitoring in cancer patients.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jul 2003
Clinical TrialLow plasma glutamine after multiple trauma: relationship with intracellular glutamine in polymorphonuclear neutrophils during prolonged ICU stay.
Aim of the study was to evaluate whether low plasma glutamine (GLN) is related to low intracellular GLN in stress-affected cells such as polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN). We hypothesized, that because low plasma GLN is assumed to have an impact on clinical outcome, stress-affected cells may also show low GLN contents. ⋯ No association between low plasma GLN and low intracellular GLN in PMN was found in a cohort of severely injured trauma patients with a minimum stay of 10 days at ICU.