Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2010
Radiographic lung density assessed by computed tomography is associated with extravascular lung water content.
We hypothesized that in acute lung injury (ALI), the volume of pulmonary tissue with aqueous density, as determined by spiral computed tomography (CT), is associated with extravascular lung water content. Our aim was to compare tissue volume index, as assessed by CT, before and after oleic acid-induced ALI, with extravascular lung water indexes (EVLWI), determined with single transpulmonary thermodilution (EVLWI(STD)), thermal-dye dilution (EVLWI(TDD)), and postmortem gravimetry (EVLWI(G)). ⋯ In ovine oleic acid-induced ALI, lung tissue volume, as assessed by quantitative CT, is in close agreement with EVLWI, as determined by indicator dilution methods and postmortem gravimetry, but overestimates lung fluid content.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2010
Comparative StudyDifferential effects of sevoflurane and propofol anesthesia on left ventricular-arterial coupling in dogs.
General anesthetics interfere with arterial and ventricular mechanical properties, often altering left ventricular-arterial (LVA) coupling. We hypothesized that sevoflurane and propofol alter LVA coupling by different effects on arterial and ventricular properties. ⋯ Sevoflurane increased ventricular afterload and decreased ventricular performance, thereby altering LVA coupling. Propofol did not affect ventricular afterload or ventricular performance, thereby preserving LVA coupling. Thus, propofol preserves LVA coupling in dogs better, and might be a better choice for patients with compromised left ventricular function.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2010
Review Practice Guideline GuidelineScandinavian clinical practice guidelines on general anaesthesia for emergency situations.
Emergency patients need special considerations and the number and severity of complications from general anaesthesia can be higher than during scheduled procedures. Guidelines are therefore needed. The Clinical Practice Committee of the Scandinavian Society of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine appointed a working group to develop guidelines based on literature searches to assess evidence, and a consensus meeting was held. ⋯ For optimal intubation conditions, succinylcholine 1-1.5 mg/kg is preferred. Outside the operation room, rapid sequence intubation is also considered the safest method. For all patients, precautions to avoid aspiration and other complications must also be considered at the end of anaesthesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyProphylactic control of post-operative nausea and vomiting using ondansetron and ramosetron after cardiac surgery.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of ondansetron and ramosetron in the reduction of post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) associated with patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) after cardiac surgery. ⋯ The addition of either ondansetron or ramosetron to PCA can reduce the incidence of PONV during 48 h after cardiac surgery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Sep 2010
Early predictors of morbidity and mortality in trauma patients treated in the intensive care unit.
We investigated the incidence and severity of post-injury morbidity and mortality in intensive care unit (ICU)-treated trauma patients. We also identified risk factors in the early phase after injury that predicted the later development of complications. ⋯ Although the incidence of morbidity was considerable, mortality was relatively low. Early post-injury risk factors that predicted later development of complications differed between morbidity and mortality.