Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Apr 1985
The Venturi anaesthesia circuit I. An all-purpose breathing system for anaesthesia.
The Venturi is a flow-accelerating injector, activated by fresh gas inflow from the anaesthetic machine. The Venturi entrains exhaled gas from the patient through a soda-lime canister, and carries it to the patient together with fresh gas. The Venturi circuit is a Mapleson D system and the fresh gas requirements are roughly 30 ml kg-1 min-1 for anaesthetized, relaxed, adult patients under controlled ventilation.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1985
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialCaudal or dorsal nerve block? A comparison of two local anaesthetic techniques for postoperative analgesia following day case circumcision.
Fifty boys presenting for day case circumcision were allocated randomly to receive either caudal analgesia or dorsal nerve block (DNB) to provide postoperative pain relief. Analgesia was assessed by a single, unbiased observer utilising a three-point scale. Subsequently, parents completed a simple questionnaire. ⋯ The incidence of vomiting was significantly lower in the DNB group (P less than 0.05). There was no significant difference in the duration of analgesia, although that produced in the DNB group tended to wane sooner. It is concluded that DNB provides satisfactory analgesia following circumcision and has specific advantages when compared with caudal analgesia.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1985
Comparative StudyMaternal haemodynamic changes during caesarean section: a comparison of epidural and general anaesthesia.
Haemodynamic measurements were performed on 20 healthy women before and during elective caesarean section under epidural (10 women) or general anaesthesia (10 women). The influence of the two anaesthetic techniques on the haemodynamic changes associated with operative delivery was compared. The following haemodynamic variables were studied: cardiac output (CO), stroke volume (SV) determined non-invasively with impedance cardiography, heart rate (HR), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), pulse pressure, mean arterial pressure (MAP) and total peripheral vascular resistance (TPR). ⋯ Following delivery, CO (P less than 0.05) and SV (P less than 0.01) increased whereas HR decreased (P less than 0.01). SBP, DBP and MAP increased (P less than 0.01) prior to delivery, returning to the same level as prior to induction of anaesthesia following delivery. TPR was largely unchanged prior to delivery but decreased (P less than 0.01) following delivery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Feb 1985
Comparative StudyInfluence of two different anaesthetic agents on the newborn and the correlation between foetal oxygenation and induction-delivery time in elective caesarean section.
The PO2 and acid-base balance (pH, PCO2 and base deficit) of the newborn, determined at the moment of birth and at 10 and 60 min after birth, were compared in two series of elective caesarean section, anaesthesia being induced with thiopentone in one series (n = 12), and with ketamine in the other (n = 16). The PO2 and acid base values of umbilical cord blood at birth were correlated with the induction delivery (ID) times of the total series of patients subjected to elective caesarean section (n = 28). ⋯ A significant negative correlation between the PO2 of the newborn at the moment of birth and the ID-time was found in the thiopentone group. The study suggests that ketamine is a good alternative to barbiturate as an induction agent for caesarean section.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1985
A method for epiduroscopy and spinaloscopy. Presentation of preliminary results.
A method for endoscopic observation of the epidural space, epiduroscopy, and the subarachnoid space, spinaloscopy, in the lumbar region is described using the Olympus Selfoscope SES 1711 S. The preliminary results of 30 consecutive attempts at epiduroscopy on randomly chosen autopsy cases, with 28 successes, are presented. Five spinaloscopies were performed on the same material. The results justify the conclusion that epiduroscopy and spinaloscopy are methods that can be used for study of individual variation of the contents of the lumbar epidural and subarachnoid spaces.