Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialReduced hypoxic chemosensitivity in partially paralysed man. A new property of muscle relaxants?
It was hypothesized that non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents impair hypoxic chemosensitivity in man. ⋯ It is concluded that non-depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agents impair hypoxic ventilatory regulation. Further experimental studies are warranted to fully describe the mechanism(s) responsible for this interaction.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPostoperative pain relief by topical lidocaine in the surgical wound of hysterectomized patients.
To improve postoperative analgesia, local anesthetics have been administered perioperatively as infiltration or as aerosol in the surgical area. A previous study showed good analgesic effects by topical lidocaine in the wound in minor extraabdominal surgery (herniorraphy), while the same treatment in minor lower laparothomies did not improve postoperative analgesia. The present study investigated the effect of topical wound anesthesia using lidocaine aerosol on postoperative pain following major lower abdominal surgery. ⋯ A single dose of lidocaine aerosol topically administered in the surgical wound of hysterectomy patients improved analgesia during the first postoperative day with minimal risk of side effects.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPatient-controlled analgesia with morphine and droperidol following caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia.
The addition of droperidol to morphine for patient-controlled analgesia reduces the incidence of nausea and vomiting, but may result in unwanted side effects. ⋯ The addition of droperidol 10 mg to morphine 60 mg for PCA following caesarean section under spinal anaesthesia reduces the incidence of nausea and emesis, but may result in drowsiness, limiting the usefulness of the technique.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialConditions to optimise the reversal action of neostigmine upon a vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block.
Since neostigmine was introduced for reversal of neuromuscular block, there has been controversy about the optimum dose for antagonizing neuromuscular block. The purpose of this study was to characterise recovery of neuromuscular transmission following a vecuronium-induced block 15 min after neostigmine administration using different stimulation patterns, and to determine the effects of different doses of neostigmine given at various pre-reversal twitch heights. ⋯ To optimise the reversal action of neostigmine in order to obtain the highest neuromuscular transmission recovery (0.9 TOF ratio and RF100Hz) during a vecuronium-induced neuromuscular block, the 40 micrograms/kg dose has to be given at 25 to 50% recovery of TH.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · May 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialAtelectasis and pulmonary shunting during induction of general anaesthesia--can they be avoided?
Gas exchange is regularly impaired during general anaesthesia with mechanical ventilation. A major cause of this disorder appears to be atelectasis and consequently pulmonary shunt. After re-expansion, atelectasis reappears very slowly if 30% oxygen in nitrogen is used, but much faster if 100% oxygen is used. The aim of the present study-was to evaluate if early formation of atelectasis and pulmonary shunt may be avoided if the lungs are ventilated with 30% oxygen in nitrogen instead of 100% oxygen during the induction of general anaesthesia. ⋯ During induction of general intravenous anaesthesia in patients with healthy lungs, gas composition plays an important role for atelectasis formation and the establishment of pulmonary shunt. By using a mixture containing 30% oxygen in nitrogen, the early formation of atelectasis and pulmonary shunt may, at least in part, be avoided.