Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Nov 1988
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialQT interval of the ECG, heart rate and arterial pressure using five non-depolarizing muscle relaxants for intubation.
The QT interval, heart rate and arterial pressure were measured during anaesthetic induction in 186 patients without cardiovascular diseases or any preoperative drugs. The study was randomized and double-blind. The patients were premedicated with either pethidine 1 mg/kg + atropine 0.01 mg/kg or with only pethidine 1 mg/kg i.m. ⋯ The QT intervals were prolonged only in relation to the increased heart rate. At 6.5 min, the values in all groups were decreased to about the same level as before intubation. The mean control values of the heart rate were between 80 and 90 b.p.m. in the atropine-treated groups and between 70 and 80 b.p.m. in the other groups.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Oct 1988
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialLower limb compression using inflatable splints to prevent hypotension during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean section.
The efficacy of pneumatic compression of the lower limbs using inflatable leg splints in prevention of hypotension during spinal anaesthesia was assessed in an open study of 46 patients undergoing elective caesarean section. All patients received 15 ml/kg of Hartmann's solution before spinal anaesthesia and were tilted to the left to minimise aortocaval compression. ⋯ Blood pressure was measured by a cuff method at 1-min intervals until the commencement of surgery. Hypotension was less common (P less than 0.05) and less severe (P less than 0.05) in splint-treated patients, but the incidence was unacceptably high in both treated (48%) and control (83%) groups.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1988
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialThe reduction of pain on injection of propofol: the effect of addition of lignocaine.
The effects of addition of 1 ml of lignocaine (10 mg) or isotonic saline to 19 ml of the emulsified preparation of propofol (Diprivan) were studied in a randomised, double-blind trial in 80 patients. The incidence and severity of pain on injection of propofol were significantly reduced by the addition of lignocaine (P less than 0.01).
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1988
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialNeostigmine and edrophonium as antagonists of atracurium and pancuronium.
Edrophonium 0.5 mg/kg or neostigmine 0.04 mg/kg were administered to two groups of 30 patients each for antagonism of atracurium- or pancuronium-induced neuromuscular block at 25% single twitch recovery. Neuromuscular block was studied using both single twitch and train-of-four (TOF) nerve stimulation. The times to 100% single twitch recovery were significantly more rapid for patients receiving edrophonium (P less than 0.01) in both groups (atracurium and pancuronium); the TOF ratios were similar for atracurium, but for pancuronium they were greater after neostigmine than after edrophonium, and only at 25 min were these ratios similar. It is concluded that edrophonium in a dose of 0.5 mg/kg antagonizes neuromuscular blockade induced by atracurium, as does neostigmine in a dose of 0.04 mg/kg, but the former does not consistently antagonize neuromuscular blockade induced by pancuronium even at 25% of single twitch recovery.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1988
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialSubarachnoid versus epidural bupivacaine 0.5% for caesarean section.
In order to compare subarachnoid (spinal) and epidural block for caesarean section, 40 women were randomly allocated to spinal or epidural analgesia with bupivacaine. The median dose of bupivacaine was 13 mg in the spinal group versus 155 mg in the epidural group. The mean time from induction to delivery was 32 min shorter in the spinal group (P less than 0.001). ⋯ Postoperatively, epidural block provided better pain relief. The patients in the epidural group had a lower pain score during the first 4 h after the operation (P less than 0.01). In spite of similar haemodynamic changes in the two groups, the mean base deficit in umbilical cord blood at delivery was higher in the spinal group (P less than 0.05).