Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Aug 1980
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialEpidural versus general anaesthesia for total hip arthroplasty in elderly patients.
Sixty elderly patients were given at random either epidural analgesia with bupivacaine 0.75% or general anaesthesia with thiopentone, fentanyl, pancuronium, N2O/O2 for total hip replacement. Preoperatively the patients were of equal physical status with normal and similar laboratory values. All patients were mentally normal for their age. ⋯ Two patients in the epidural group had symptoms of pulmonary embolism postoperatively. Thus elderly patients appear to do better after hip replacement with less deterioration of cerebral and pulmonary functions when given epidural analgesia than when surgery is performed under general anaesthesia. These patients should therefore be offered epidural analgesia whenever possible.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Dec 1979
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of the analgesic dose-effect relationships of nefopam and oxycodone in postoperative pain.
The analgesic dose-effect relationship of nefopam was compared in a double-blind randomised trial with that of oxycodone in immediate postoperative pain. Nefopam 15 mg or oxycodone 4 mg was given every 10 min i.v. (maximum six times) to patients in pain after upper abdominal surgery until their wound pain (scored 0-3) disappeared. The mean pain intensity (PI), initially 2.2 in both groups, descreased by approximately the same extent for up to two doses in both groups (to 1.5 after nefopam 30 mg and to 1.1 after oxycodone 8 mg). ⋯ In the nefopam group, 12 patients (75%) needed further pain relief after the maximal dosage (6 x 15 mg). In these patients, oxycodone (maximally 16 mg) gave satisfactory analgesia. Drowsiness and a decrease in the respiratory rate were the principal side-effects of oxycodone, whereas tachycardia, restlessness, sweating and nausea were more frequent after nefopam.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jun 1979
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialPostoperative arterial oxygen tension after peroperative PEEP-ventilation.
Forty otherwise healthy patients (29 women and 11 men), undergoing elective cholecystectomy, were randomly allocated to be ventilated during the operation either with a positive end-expiratory pressure of 1 kPa (10 cmH2O) (PEEP group) or with intermittent positive pressure ventilation without PEEP (control group). During the operation the mean arterial oxygen tension (PaO2) in the PEEP group increased from 14.6 to 16.5 kPa, while no changes occurred in the control group (13.5 and 13.6 kPa). On the first postoperative day, PaO2 decreased by 12% of the preoperative values in the PEEP group; the decrease was 20% in the control group. ⋯ In the postoperative period, no statistically significant difference in PaO2 could be demonstrated between the groups. Determinations of the forced vital capacity and forced expiratory volume in the first second showed no difference between the groups pre- or postoperatively. The present study demonstrated no clinically relevant beneficial effect of peroperative PEEP ventilation on the postoperative arterial hypoxaemia after an upper abdominal laparotomy.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1976
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialArrhythmias during halothane anesthesia I: The influence of atropine during induction with intubation.
The changes in cardiac rhythm which occurred during induction of halothane-N2O/O2 anesthesia with thiopenthal and one single dose of suxamethonium for intubation were studied in two groups of patients, one (at random) of which was given atropine intravenously 0.1 mg/10 kg 2 min before induction.