Acta anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialEffects of adenosine infusion on gastric emptying in healthy volunteers.
A low dose of systemic adenosine infusion has been shown to induce antinociception in clinical experimental studies as well as in patients. There is no clinical information about the effect of adenosine on the motility of the gastrointestinal tract. The aim of this study was therefore to evaluate the effect of exogenous adenosine administration on gastric emptying in man. ⋯ The results demonstrate that adenosine in a clinically antinociceptive dose of 50 micrograms.kg-1.min-1 does not affect the rate of gastric emptying in healthy volunteers.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialPain on injection of propofol: the mitigating influence of metoclopramide using different techniques.
Metoclopramide administered intravenously (i.v.) immediately before injection of propofol, after mixing with propofol, or after a rubber tourniquet for 1 min before propofol injection will reduce pain induced by propofol injection. In this study, these three different techniques in reducing propofol injection pain with metoclopramide were compared with lidocaine or saline to evaluate the most effective method in reducing propofol injection pain. ⋯ We conclude that i.v. retention of metoclopramide with tourniquet is as good as lidocaine and may be a useful alternative for reducing pain on propofol injection.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialThe effects of tramadol on postoperative nausea, vomiting and headache after ENT surgery. A placebo-controlled comparison with equipotent doses of nalbuphine and pethidine.
Opioids given as adjuncts to balanced inhalational anaesthesia augment postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV). Tramadol, equipotent to pethidine, does not depress respiration, but can cause an increase in blood pressure and headache via its monoaminergic actions. Nalbuphine, ten times as potent as pethidine, has a ceiling respiratory depressant and ceiling analgesic effect at > 0.3 mg.kg-1. We compared the effects of equipotent doses of tramadol and nalbuphine (3.0 and 0.3 mg.kg-1, respectively) given as analgesic with induction of anaesthesia on emesis during recovery from anaesthesia and on PONV and headache until 24 h after ENT surgery, using saline (0.2 ml.kg-1) and an equipotent dose of pethidine (1.5 mg.kg-1) as controls. ⋯ It is concluded that tramadol, nalbuphine and pethidine have similar emetic effect in the doses and manner used, and that tramadol does not increase the incidence of post-operative headache when used as peroperative analgesic.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialClinical evaluation of low-flow sevoflurane anaesthesia for paediatric patients.
Sevoflurane expenditure, inspired gas humidity, temperature, soda lime temperature, and compounds A and B were measured during high and low fresh gas flow anaesthesia in paediatric patients. ⋯ In conclusion, sevoflurane used for paediatric patients in a circle system with a fresh gas flow of 0.6l.min-1 resulted in a significantly reduced sevoflurane expenditure, higher inspired absolute humidity, but not temperature, compared to a fresh gas flow of 6l.min-1. Low levels of compounds A and B were detected.
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Acta Anaesthesiol Scand · Jan 1999
Case ReportsAirway obstruction due to arytenoid prolapse in a child.
In paediatric patients, obstruction of the upper airway is still a common problem during general anaesthesia. This case report documents the susceptibility of arytenoids to prolapse in paediatric patients during halothane anaesthesia. The use of video endoscopy provides an excellent tool for visualizing this type of airway obstruction; and continuous positive airway pressure is an effective treatment for clearing the airway.