Neurosurgery clinics of North America
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Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. · Oct 2011
Review Comparative StudyTrigeminal nerve stimulation: seminal animal and human studies for epilepsy and depression.
The unique ability to stimulate bilaterally, extracranially, and non-invasively may represent a significant advantage to invasive neuromodulation therapies. In humans thus far the technique has been applied noninvasively, and is termed external trigeminal nerve stimulation (eTNSTM).
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Neurosurg. Clin. N. Am. · Oct 2011
ReviewImplanted subdural electrodes: safety issues and complication avoidance.
Invasive electroencephalography via subdural implanted electrodes is essential for the identification and localization of the epileptogenic focus in a large percentage of cases of medically refractory epilepsy. The implantation of subdural electrodes constitutes a widely used method for the preoperative investigation of these patients. ⋯ This article systematically reviews the literature regarding safety issues, potential complications, and complication avoidance strategies associated with the implantation of subdural electrodes. Knowledge of all the reported complications may help in their early detection and their prompt management.