Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) of the anterior condylar canal is a rare subgroup of posterior fossa DAVF. Successful treatment of this DAVF requires an accurate image diagnosis and the knowledge of the anatomy of the anterior condylar confluent. We present the imaging features of angiography and MR angiography of a 54-year-old man, who presented progressive right synchronous tinnitus due to a DAVF of the anterior condylar confluent, successfully treated by transvenous embolization.
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The Cavum Septi Pellucidi (CSP), Cavum Vergae (CV) and Cavum Veli Interpositi, are anatomical variants located in the midline of the brain. It is important to identify these conditions to distinguish them from other entities that may require treatment. In this paper, our purpose is to describe MR and CT findings of CSP, CV and Cavum Veli Interpositi, explaining the differential diagnosis.
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Comparative Study
Cognitive impairment and its relation to imaging measures in multiple sclerosis: a study using a computerized battery.
Cognitive impairment (CI) is an important component of multiple sclerosis (MS) disability. A complex biological interplay between white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) disease likely sustains CI. This study aims to address this issue by exploring the association between the extent of normal WM and GM disease and CI. ⋯ Both NAWM and NAGM volumes are related to CI in MS. The results highlight once again the urgent need to develop pharmacological strategies protecting patients from widespread neurodegeneration as possible preventive strategies of CI development.
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Comparative Study
Vertebral artery ostial stenosis: prevalence by digital subtraction angiography, MR angiography, and CT angiography.
(1) To determine the prevalence of vertebral arterial ostial stenosis (VOS) as determined by the "gold standard" of digital subtraction angiography (DSA). (2) To learn the correlation between vertebral ostial stenosis and study indication. (3) To determine the ability of contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE MRA) and computed tomographic angiography (CTA) to reflect the true prevalence of vertebral ostial stenosis as determined by DSA. ⋯ The prevalence of VOS as determined by DSA is low and increases with patient age and correlates with factors such as anterior infarct (18.4%), posterior infarct (33.3%), carotid atherosclerosis (30.8%), and vertebrobasilar insufficiency (33%). Patients being evaluated for reasons less closely correlated with atherosclerotic disease, such as arteriovenous malformation (AVM) or hemorrhage showed a lower prevalence of VA stenosis (brain aneurysm or AVM 5/121, 4.1%, brain hemorrhage 5/153, 3.3%). Routine clinical MRA significantly overestimates VOS prevalence, and findings suggest that CTA underestimates the degree and prevalence of VOS.
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Idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH), is characterized by elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) without a clear cause. Recently it was shown that in more than 90% of the IIH patients there is stenosis of the transverse dural sinuses. In this study we assessed the changes in diameter of cerebral veins after lumbar puncture, in order to have some more insight regarding the volume and pressure influence on cerebral veins. ⋯ Our results support other studies and demonstrated narrowing of the transverse sinuses in IIH patients. The main finding of this study is the increase in cerebral sinuses diameter after LP. This observation should be considered when evaluating cerebral venous sinuses after LP. A larger scale study is warranted to validate our findings.