Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Despite clinical importance of identifying exact anatomical location of neural tracts and nuclei in the brainstem, no neuroimaging studies have validated the detectability of these structures. The aim of this study was to assess the detectability of the structures using three-dimensional anisotropy contrast-periodically rotated overlapping parallel lines with enhanced reconstruction (3DAC-PROPELLER) imaging. ⋯ In total, 240 assessments were made. The five tracts and eight nuclei were identified in all the corresponding assessments, whereas the locus ceruleus and superior olive could not be identified in 3 (1.3%) and 16 (6.7%) assessments, respectively. 3DAC-PROPELLER seems extremely valuable imaging method for mapping out surgical strategies for brainstem lesions.
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Case Reports
Detection of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome after carotid endarterectomy with CT perfusion.
We present the case of a 60-year-old female patient, who developed symptomatic internal carotid artery stenosis and subsequently underwent carotid endarterectomy. Four days after an uneventful surgery the patient developed confusion, seizures, and was admitted to the ICU. CT perfusion revealed reduced ispilateral time-to-peak and mean-transient-time and increased cerebral blood volume and cerebral blood flow, confirming the diagnosis of cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome. We thus propose CT perfusion as a diagnostic means for cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome, a syndrome that remains underdiagnosed.
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Case Reports
Correlation of sonographic and electrophysiological findings in a patient with multifocal motor neuropathy.
Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is an acquired, immune mediated, and commonly associated with antiganglioside antibodies against GM1 lower motor neuropathy, with an incidence of 1 per 100,000. The usual age of onset is between 20 and 50 years and men appear to be more often affected than women. Patients usually present with multifocal weakness that can be localized to named nerve distributions. ⋯ We draw the attention on the usefulness of ultrasonography for detecting and diagnosing segmental lesions of the peripheral nerves in MMN and other immune mediated neuropathies, especially in cases where a nervous segment cannot be easily explored in terms of inching technique.