Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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To characterize the relationship between computed tomography angiography (CTA) imaging characteristics of carotid artery and the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) score. ⋯ There is some concordance but not a perfect overlap between the 10-year ASCVD risk scores calculated from clinical and blood assessment and carotid artery imaging findings.
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Stroke, either ischemic or hemorrhagic, accounts for significantly high morbidity and mortality rates around the globe effecting millions of lives annually. For the past few decades, ultrasound has been extensively investigated to promote clot lysis for the treatment of stroke, myocardial infarction, and acute peripheral arterial occlusions, with or without the use of tPA or contrast agents. In the age of modern minimal invasive techniques, magnetic resonance imaging-guided high-intensity focused ultrasound is a new emerging modality that seems to promise therapeutic utilities for both ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke. ⋯ Apart from safety and efficacy, initiation of trials would further enable answers regarding its practical application in a clinical setup. Though this technology has been under study for treatment of various brain diseases for some decades now, relatively very few neurologists and even neurosurgeons seem to be acquainted with it. The aim of this review is to provide basic understanding of this powerful technology and discuss its clinical application and potential role as an emerging viable therapeutic option for the future management of stroke.
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Extensive research has been conducted to find neuroimaging biomarkers for psychiatric disorders. This study aimed at identifying trends of the 100 most highly cited articles on neuroimaging in primary psychiatric disorders. ⋯ Our study identified intellectual milestones in the utility of neuroimaging in investigating primary psychiatric disorders. The historic trends could help guide future research in this field.
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Multiple sclerosis (MS) diffusely abnormal white matter (DAWM) is a mildly hyperintense magnetic resonance imaging abnormality distinct from typical lesions. Our goal was to investigate the prevalence and natural history of DAWM in a large cohort (n = 348) of relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) patients. ⋯ DAWM is present in a quarter of RRMS patients, and rarely increases or develops de novo. DAWM predicts brain atrophy but does not predict physical disability. Because of its posterior periventricular location, further investigation is warranted to evaluate its relationship to other measures of disability, including visual spatial processing and cognitive function.
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Quantitative T1 and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) may provide information about pathological changes underlying disability and progression in diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). Imaging the corpus callosum (CC), a primary site of damage in MS with a critical role in interhemispheric connectivity, may be useful for assessing overall brain health, prognosis, and therapy efficacy. We assessed the feasibility of multisite clinical trials using advanced MRI by examining the intra and intersite reproducibility of T1 and DTI measurements in the CC and segmented white matter (WM). ⋯ T1 and DTI measures are reproducible using equivalent MRI scanners and sequence protocols. Using a similar MR system, it is feasible to carry out multicenter studies using T1 and DTI to evaluate changes within the CC and WM.