Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is involved in several cognitive processes including executive function. Degenerative changes of ACC are consistently seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, volumetric changes specific to the ACC in AD are not clear because of the difficulty in segmenting this region. The objectives of the current study were to develop a precise and high-throughput approach for measuring ACC volumes and to correlate the relationship between ACC volume and cognitive function in AD. ⋯ Our results indicate that the proposed semiautomated segmentation protocol is reliable for determining ACC volume in neurodegenerative conditions including AD.
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The validity of CT perfusion (CTP) predictions of expected infarction volume ("at risk" tissue) without rapid recanalization remains poorly characterized. ⋯ Predictions of "at-risk" tissue using CTP may underestimate the natural history of infarction from acute large vessel occlusions. NIHSS may perform better as a predictor of clinical outcomes in patients without rapid recanalization.
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Graph theory analysis of brain connectivity data is a promising tool for studying the function of the healthy and diseased brain. The consistency of resting-state functional MRI (rsfMRI) connectivity measures across multiple scanner types is an important factor in designing multi-institutional research studies and has important implications for the potential use of this technique in a heterogeneous clinical setting. We sought to quantitatively study the interscanner variability of rsfMRI graph theory metrics obtained from healthy volunteers scanned on three different scanner platforms. ⋯ There was high consistency of graph theory metrics of rsfMRI connectivity networks among healthy volunteers scanned on three different generation 3T MRI scanners.
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Infarct core assessment on presentation is important to evaluate salvageable tissue to select patients for thrombectomy. Our study aims to evaluate the correlation between infarct core volume measured by computed tomography (CT) perfusion (CTP) and magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging (MR-DWI) in patients with acute large-vessel occlusion. ⋯ CTP provides a good estimation of the core infarct volume. It performs well within the clinically relevant thresholds for patient selection for thrombectomy.
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Pediatric arteriopathies are increasingly recognized in school-aged children with a variety of presenting symptoms ranging from headache, seizures, encephalopathy, and neuropsychiatric symptoms as well as focal neurologic deficits due to acute ischemic strokes. However, unlike the adult stroke population, there are differences in the clinical manifestations, the stroke mechanism, and risk factors in pediatric ischemic stroke. There has been increasing awareness and recognition of pediatric cerebral arteriopathies as a predominant stroke etiology. ⋯ Based on predominant vessels involved and clinical symptoms, these arteriopathies can be broadly divided into two categories: large-medium size arteriopathies and small vessel arteriopathies. Each category can be further divided into inflammatory and noninflammatory according to their etiologies. The ability to distinguish between inflammatory and noninflammatory etiologies carries major prognostic implications for acute management and secondary stroke prevention as well as screening for systemic complications and counseling.