Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Differentiation of meningiomas, paragangliomas, and schwannomas in the cerebellopontine angle and jugular foramen remains challenging when conventional MRI findings are inconclusive. This study aimed to assess the clinical utility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) findings for tumor type differentiation and to identify the most significant diagnostic parameters. ⋯ DCE-MRI can provide promising parameters to differentiate meningiomas, paragangliomas, and schwannomas in the cerebellopontine angle and jugular foramen.
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Cerebral tissue oxygenation is a critical brain viability parameter, and the magnetic properties of hemoglobin offer the opportunity to noninvasively quantify oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Ultrahigh-field MRI shows advantages such as increased sensitivity to magnetic susceptibility differences and improved signal-to-noise ratio that can be translated into smaller voxel size, but also increased sensitivity to static and B1 field inhomogeneities. The aim was to produce a systematic comparison of three MRI-based methods for estimation of OEF. ⋯ The results indicate that QSM is a promising candidate for assessment of OEF estimates, for example, providing reasonably robust estimates across a wide range of vessel orientations.
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Corpus callosum (CC) atrophy is a strong predictor of multiple sclerosis (MS) disability but the contributing pathological mechanisms remain uncertain. We aimed to apply advanced MRI to explore what drives the often nonuniform callosal atrophy. ⋯ Both white matter and cortical lesions contribute to regional corpus callosal atrophy. The lobe-specific lesion topology does not fully explain the inhomogeneous CC atrophy.
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Tinnitus is defined as the perception of sound without an external source and can be categorized as either pulsatile or nonpulsatile (ie, continuous). A variety of etiologies have been reported to cause pediatric tinnitus, many with long-lasting implications due to hearing and concentration impairments. Therefore, imaging can be an essential part of the accurate and timely diagnosis of treatable etiologies. ⋯ CT and MR are often complementary modalities: CT is better suited to evaluate the integrity of the temporal osseous structures and MR is better suited to evaluate the vestibulocochlear nerve and to assess for the presence of any masses or malformations. Prompt diagnosis of the etiology of tinnitus in pediatric patients is important to avoid any potential long-term developmental impairments. In the approach to pediatric tinnitus, categorizing the symptoms as either pulsatile versus nonpulsatile and then being aware of the possible causes and imaging findings of either can assist both the clinician and the radiologist in making an expeditious diagnosis.
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Corpus callosum (CC) atrophy is predictive of future disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, current segmentation methods are either labor- or computationally intensive. We therefore developed an automated deep learning-based CC segmentation tool and hypothesized that its output would correlate with disability. ⋯ We present a fully automatic deep learning-based CC segmentation tool optimized to modern imaging in MS with clinical correlations on par with computationally expensive alternatives.