Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Comparative Study
Correlation of Brain Atrophy, Disability, and Spinal Cord Atrophy in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis.
Disability progression in multiple sclerosis (MS) remains incompletely understood. Unlike lesional measures, central nervous system atrophy has a strong correlation with disability. Theiler's murine encephalomyelitis virus infection in SJL/J mice is an established model of progressive MS. We utilized in vivo MRI to quantify brain and spinal cord atrophy in this model and analyzed the temporal relationship between atrophy and disability. ⋯ Our results suggest that significant brain atrophy precedes and predicts the development of disability, while spinal cord atrophy occurs late and correlates with severe disability. The observed temporal relationship establishes a framework for mechanisms of disability progression and enables further investigations of their underlying substrate.
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(18) F-fluoromisonidazole (FMISO) positron emission tomography (PET) is used to image metabolically compromised but viable hypoxic tissue. We hypothesized that FMISO PET might predict early infarct growth in acute ischemic stroke patients with perfusion-diffusion mismatch in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). ⋯ FMISO PET scan can predict early infarct growth in acute ischemic stroke patients with perfusion-diffusion mismatch in MRI.
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Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation and Cerebral Vasomotor Reserve: A Study in Healthy Subjects.
Cerebral vasomotor reserve (VMR) is the capability of cerebral arterioles to change their diameter in response to various stimuli, such hypercapnia. Changes of VMR due to transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) have been poorly studied. ⋯ Our study confirms that tDCS induces a modification of bilateral VMR with a polarity-specific effect; based on this bilateral MFV and BHI modifications, we can speculate an involvement of the SNS in the VMR regulation.
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To determine interobserver spatial variability in language area localization using three commonly employed language tasks. ⋯ While there were no differences between interobserver spatial variability in language area localization between the three tasks, language task choice impacts the accuracy of fMRI language area identification because tasks vary in their rates of interobserver laterality disagreements and failed localizations. A combination of tasks including one with low laterality disagreements (eg, SD) and one with few failed localizations (eg, SC) may offer the best combination.
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Requests for after-hours emergent spine MR imaging seem to be increasing. We sought to review the trend in after hours spine MRI utilization at our institution and to determine how these results impacted therapeutic intervention. ⋯ Clinical use of emergent after hours spine MRI is steadily increasing at our institution. While MR imaging often discerned significant pathologies, performing these emergent studies rarely resulted in immediate surgical or radiotherapeutic intervention.