Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Review Case Reports
Stroke following epidural injections--case report and review of literature.
To describe a growing number of cases associated with spinal cord and posterior circulation ischemia as a complication of cervical epidural steroid injection (CESI). ⋯ Infarction is a rare but potentially devastating complication of CESI. It may occur despite the use of fluoroscopic guidance.
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Case Reports
Congenital external carotid-internal carotid artery anastomosis diagnosed by MR angiography.
We present what we believe is the first report of external carotid-internal carotid artery anastomosis, which forms a large arterial ring at the proximal cervical internal carotid artery (ICA). If the small channel of the proximal cervical ICA is occluded, the remaining large channel of the external carotid artery may be diagnosed as a nonbifurcating cervical carotid artery.
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Cerebral microbleeds (CMB) on gradient-recalled echo (GRE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are rarely seen in children, yet have been described following vascular procedures in adults. Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been associated with vascular injury and neurological events in children, but there have been no reports to date of GRE MRI findings in children treated with ECMO. We reviewed MRI scans for all vascular neurology consultations in children treated with ECMO at an academic medical center over a 5-year period. ⋯ CMB were multiple (>3 lesions), situated in cortical or lobar regions, with a striking predominance (5/6 cases) for the right carotid distribution. Other than CMB, no cases demonstrated intracranial hemorrhage. CMB may be noted on GRE MRI after ECMO and may reflect vascular damage from gaseous emboli.
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Comparative Study
Comparison of magnetic resonance angiography scans on 1.5, 3, and 7 Tesla units: a quantitative study of 3-dimensional cerebrovasculature.
Although multiple studies demonstrate benefits of high field imaging of cerebrovasculature, a detailed quantitative analysis of complete cerebrovascular system is unavailable. To compare quality of MR angiography (MRA) acquisitions at various field strengths, we used 3-dimensional (3D) geometric cerebrovascular models extracted from 1.5 T/3 T/7 T scans. ⋯ Our approach differs from standard approaches based on visual assessment and signal (contrast)-to-noise ratio. It also measures absolute acquisition performance, provides a unique length-volume relationship, and predicts length/volume for intermediate teslages.
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Investigating the heritability of brain structure may be useful in simplifying complicated genetic studies in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). A preliminary study is presented to determine if volume deficits of candidate brain structures present at a higher rate in unaffected siblings than controls subjects. ⋯ The findings suggest an overlap in the neurodevelopmental genes responsible for both brain structure and the expression of the disease. Further work is ongoing to confirm these findings.