Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
-
In multiple sclerosis (MS), the presence of lesions and normal-appearing white matter damage may affect the reliability of diffusion tensor (DT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based tractography. We compared the performance of an individual-based method for corpus callosum (CC) fiber tracking in MS with those of two atlas-based methods. ⋯ CC DT tractography using an individual-based method is more sensitive than the atlas-based ones to tract-specific alterations related to MS disability. An atlas-based method with nonlinear registration can be a valid alternative when an automated postprocessing is warranted, such as in the case of high volumes of data.
-
Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) due to basilar artery thrombosis (BAT) causes high mortality and severe disability. Early neurological assessment and timely thrombolysis might improve outcome. BAT is difficult to diagnose due to wide spectrum of presentation and decreased conscious level. Emergency physicians often intubate BAT patients with airway compromise before arrival of stroke neurologist. We evaluated role of computerized tomography (CT) angiography (CTA) of brain and cervical arteries in early diagnosis of acute BAT in intubated patients and facilitating decision for thrombolysis. ⋯ In patients with BAT, intubated before assessment by neurologist, CTA might help in confirming the diagnosis and facilitating therapeutic decision making for initiating thrombolysis.
-
Perfusion-CT (PCT) of the brain is a rapidly evolving imaging technique used to assess blood supply to the brain parenchyma. PCT is readily available at most imaging centers, resulting in steadily increasing use of this imaging technique. ⋯ Therefore, it is important for the radiologist to recognize altered perfusion patterns observed in diseases other than typical ischemic stroke. The goal of this article is to show the perfusion maps and review the perfusion patterns observed in some subtypes of atypical stroke and in neurological entities other than stroke, so that they are recognized and not confused with the PCT patterns observed in patients with typical ischemic stroke.
-
The human visual system responds asymmetrically to visual motion stimuli in opposite directions due to the involvement of the same brain areas but different operating processes. The expansion mode is thought to invoke a vigilance mechanism, whereas the contraction mode does not. ⋯ These findings show that detect spatiotemporal differences between expansion and contraction modes can be readily detected using time-flow charts. Moreover, delay interactions could be insensitive to object motion away from the observer.
-
Neurologists have a long history of involvement in cerebral angiography; however, the roots of neurologist involvement in therapeutic endovascular procedures have not been previously documented. As outlined in this article, it has taken the efforts of several early pioneers to lay the ground work for interventional neurology, a specialty that has become one of the fastest growing neurological subspecialties. The ground work, along with a great clinical need, has allowed the modern interventional neurologist to tackle some of the most intractable diseases, especially those affecting the cerebral vasculature. The institutionalization of interventional neurology as a subspecialty was first advocated in 1995 in an article entitled, "Interventional Neurology, a subspecialty whose time has come." The institutions created in the wake of this article have provided the framework that has allowed interventional neurology to transition from "a subspecialty whose time has come" to a subspecialty that is here to stay and thrive.