Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Case Reports
Multifocal intradural spinal AVF and renal artery aneurysms in a case of Klippel Trenaunay Syndrome (KTS).
We report an interesting case of a young patient who had hypertrophy of right leg and nevoid geographic skin lesion on the dorsal aspect of the right foot and leg suggestive of Klippel Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) and who presented for spinal digital subtraction angiography (DSA) to investigate the cause of progressive weakness of bilateral lower limbs. DSA revealed spinal arteriovenous fistulae (AVFs) at 3 levels and bilateral renal artery aneurysms. Although multiple intradural spinal cord AVFs and renal artery aneurysms are considered a feature of KTS, their clear demonstration in a single case either alone or together is not available in literature to the best of this author's knowledge. Existence of multifocal intradural fistulae in KTS calls for a detailed and complete spinal DSA even after a fistula is detected.
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Sensory neuronopathies (SN) are peripheral nervous system disorders associated with degeneration of dorsal root ganglion neurons. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have shown abnormalities limited to T2-weighted high signal intensity in the posterior columns. ⋯ Sjögren's syndrome-related SN may be associated with a more diffuse immune-mediated aggression, involving also the brainstem, and leading to some of the blink reflex abnormalities observed in nonparaneoplastic SN.
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Due to the geometry of linear array transducers and the anatomy of the supraclavicular, and jugular fossa it is often impossible to get an appropriate ultrasonic view of the intrathoracic segments of the supraaortic arteries and their origin from the aortic arch. We aimed to compare a conventional linear with a microconvex array transducer for their ability to visualize these vessel segments. ⋯ Due to its much smaller contact surface, the microconvex array transducer revealed a better and more extended view of the intrathoracic segments of the supraaortic arteries and the aortic arch.
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Microbubbles (MB) and ultrasound have been shown to enhance thrombolysis. We sought to evaluate safety and efficacy on middle cerebral artery (MCA) recanalization of local MB administration during intra-arterial (IA) thrombolysis and continuous transcranial Doppler (TCD) monitoring. ⋯ The combination of ultrasound and IA MB and tPA may be a strategy to enhance the thrombolytic effect and increase recanalization rates.
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Comparative Study
Detection of the siphon internal carotid artery stenosis: transcranial Doppler versus digital subtraction angiography.
Transcranial Doppler (TCD) is widely applied to evaluate the intracranial large artery stenosis. We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of TCD in detecting siphon internal carotid artery (SICA) stenosis against digital subtraction angiography (DSA). ⋯ The criteria have limited but acceptable sensitivity and specificity in detecting SICA stenoses. Abnormal findings of siphon carotid on TCD require further clarification.