Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Observational Study
Imaging of the peripheral nervous system in nociplastic pain: An ultrasound study in patients with fibromyalgia.
Although fibromyalgia (FM) is considered a central sensitization syndrome, studies investigating peripheral nerves in this condition are not available. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the sonographic changes (ie, increased cross-sectional area [CSA]), of peripheral nerves in patients with FM compared to healthy controls. The secondary objective is to identify potential clinical correlations associated with increased CSA in patients with FM. ⋯ Patients with FM show higher CSA of nerves than healthy subjects. The increased CSA is most evident at the sural nerve, vagus nerve, and sixth cervical nerve root. Ultrasound, a relatively easy-to-use technique, could identify morphological changes, in peripheral nervous structures in patients with FM.
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The relationship between ischemic stroke site and occurrence of poststroke epilepsy (PSE) is incompletely understood. This study intended to evaluate incidence and temporal profiles of seizures and to correlate ischemic lesion sites with PSE using voxel-based lesion symptom mapping (VLSM). ⋯ The data indicate that PSE occurs in a small proportion of patients with rather large ischemic strokes predominantly involving the cerebral cortex. Especially patients with ischemic lesions in the temporo-occipital cortex are vulnerable to develop PSE.
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Observational Study
Evaluation of the transverse venous sinus with transcranial color-coded duplex.
Ultrasound-derived diagnosis of transverse venous sinus stenosis (TVSS) may have a promise given recent exploration of its role in pathophysiology of intracranial hypertension and availability of interventions like venous stenting. We investigated transverse venous sinus (TVS) insonation using transcranial color-coded duplex (TCCD) to establish normative values, inform on inherent physiological variability, and other measures to allow future studies on testing the construct validity of TCCD venous in diagnosing TVSS. ⋯ These results can inform future studies validating the normative values in a larger sample and help explore the role of TCCD venous in the diagnosis of venous sinus stenosis.
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Cerebral small vessel disease is a common manifestation among patients with Fabry disease (FD). As a biomarker of cerebral small vessel disease, the prevalence of impaired cerebral autoregulation as assessed by transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography was evaluated in FD patients and healthy controls. ⋯ Impaired cerebral autoregulation as assessed by TCD appears to be highly more prevalent among FD patients compared to healthy controls.
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We aimed to investigate the relationship between the degree and location of vertebrobasilar stenosis and quantitative magnetic resonance angiography (QMRA) distal flow. ⋯ Severe stenosis of ≥70% may mark the minimal threshold required to cause hemodynamic insufficiency in the posterior circulation, but nearly half of these patients may remain hemodynamically sufficient. Bilateral vertebral stenosis resulted in a fivefold increase in QMRA low distal flow status compared to unilateral vertebral disease. These results may have implications in the design of future treatment trials of intracranial atherosclerotic disease.