Journal of neuroimaging : official journal of the American Society of Neuroimaging
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Tinnitus is defined as the perception of sound without an external source and can be categorized as either pulsatile or nonpulsatile (ie, continuous). A variety of etiologies have been reported to cause pediatric tinnitus, many with long-lasting implications due to hearing and concentration impairments. Therefore, imaging can be an essential part of the accurate and timely diagnosis of treatable etiologies. ⋯ CT and MR are often complementary modalities: CT is better suited to evaluate the integrity of the temporal osseous structures and MR is better suited to evaluate the vestibulocochlear nerve and to assess for the presence of any masses or malformations. Prompt diagnosis of the etiology of tinnitus in pediatric patients is important to avoid any potential long-term developmental impairments. In the approach to pediatric tinnitus, categorizing the symptoms as either pulsatile versus nonpulsatile and then being aware of the possible causes and imaging findings of either can assist both the clinician and the radiologist in making an expeditious diagnosis.
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Corpus callosum (CC) atrophy is predictive of future disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). However, current segmentation methods are either labor- or computationally intensive. We therefore developed an automated deep learning-based CC segmentation tool and hypothesized that its output would correlate with disability. ⋯ We present a fully automatic deep learning-based CC segmentation tool optimized to modern imaging in MS with clinical correlations on par with computationally expensive alternatives.
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To apply and evaluate an intensity-based interpolation technique, enabling segmentation of motion-affected neonatal brain MRI. ⋯ According to qualitative and quantitative assessment, intensity-based interpolation reduced the percentage of discarded scans from 29% to 7%.
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Sleep quality is important for healthy growth and development of children. We aimed to identify associations between sleep disturbances in healthy children without clinical diagnosis of sleep disorders and brain white matter (WM) microstructure using an advanced diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) based tractography analysis, and to explore whether there are sex differences in these associations. ⋯ The findings suggest that sleep disturbances without clinical diagnosis of sleep disorders are associated with lower WM microstructural integrity in children. Additionally, the associations possess unique patterns in boys and girls.
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Understanding nerve microanatomy is important as different neuropathies and some nerve neoplasms present with fascicle enlargement. The aim of our study was to gain clinically oriented knowledge on nerve fascicular anatomy using imaging modalities. ⋯ The findings of our study contribute to understanding of fascicle depiction on imaging modalities. HRUS offers good visualization of fascicles. The capability of differentiating fascicles is modality specific and depends on the fascicle CSA and the amount of interfascicular epineurium.