Journal of psychiatry & neuroscience : JPN
-
J Psychiatry Neurosci · Jan 2020
Magnetic resonance imaging texture predicts progression to dementia due to Alzheimer disease earlier than hippocampal volume
Early identification of people at risk of imminent progression to dementia due to Alzheimer disease is crucial for timely intervention and treatment. We investigated whether the texture of MRI brain scans could predict the progression of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer disease earlier than volume. ⋯ Textures of the hippocampus, precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex predicted conversion from MCI to Alzheimer disease at an earlier time point and with higher accuracy than hippocampal volume.
-
J Psychiatry Neurosci · Sep 2019
Resting-state connectivity of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the central nucleus of the amygdala in clinical anxiety
The central nucleus of the amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis are involved primarily in phasic and sustained aversive states. Although both structures have been implicated in pathological anxiety, few studies with a clinical population have specifically focused on them, partly because of their small size. Previous work in our group used high-resolution imaging to map the restingstate functional connectivity of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the central nucleus of the amygdala in healthy subjects at 7 T, confirming and extending structural findings in humans and animals, while providing additional insight into cortical connectivity that is potentially unique to humans. ⋯ This study provides functional MRI proxies of the functional dissociation of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and central nucleus of the amygdala, and suggests that resting-state functional connectivity of key structures in the processing of defensive responses do not recapitulate changes related to induced state anxiety. Future work needs to replicate and further probe the clinical significance of these findings.
-
J Psychiatry Neurosci · Jan 2019
Meta AnalysisPsychoradiologic abnormalities of white matter in patients with bipolar disorder: diffusion tensor imaging studies using tract-based spatial statistics
An increasing number of psychoradiology studies that use tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS) of diffusion tensor imaging have reported abnormalities of white matter in patients with bipolar disorder; however, robust conclusions have proven elusive, especially considering some important clinical and demographic factors. In the present study, we performed a quantitative meta-analysis of TBSS studies to elucidate the most consistent white-matter abnormalities in patients with bipolar disorder. ⋯ Our study consistently identified decreased FA in the genu and body of the corpus callosum, suggesting that interhemispheric communication may be the connectivity most affected in patients with bipolar disorder.
-
J Psychiatry Neurosci · Aug 2018
A study of novel bilateral thermal capsulotomy with focused ultrasound for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder: 2-year follow-up.
Recently, a new thermal lesioning approach using magnetic resonance-guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) was introduced for the treatment of neurologic disorders. However, only 2 studies have used this approach for treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and follow-up was short-term. We investigated the efficacy and safety of bilateral thermal lesioning of the anterior limb of the internal capsule using MRgFUS in patients with treatment-refractory OCD and followed them for 2 years. ⋯ Bilateral thermal lesioning of the anterior limb of the internal capsule using MRgFUS may improve obsessive-compulsive, depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with treatment-refractory OCD, without serious adverse effects.