Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America
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Mucormycosis is a devastating invasive fungal disease whose incidence has increased during the past decade. Mucormycosis now represents a major threat in transplant recipients, accounting for 2% and 8% of invasive fungal infections in recent cohorts of solid-organ and allogeneic stem-cell transplant recipients, respectively. Mucormycosis most often occurs late, >3 months after transplantation, although cases occurring early have been observed, especially among liver transplant recipients and in cases of graft-transmitted infection. Recent guidelines have emphasized the direct examination of the involved fluid or tissue and culture from a sterile site as the most appropriate diagnostic strategy and the use of lipid formulations of amphotericin B and major surgery when feasible as the most appropriate first-line therapeutic strategy for mucormycosis in organ and stem cell transplant recipients.
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We examined the epidemiology, clinical manifestations, histopathology, management, and outcomes of gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis, an uncommon manifestation of infection caused by the fungus Basidiobolus ranarum. ⋯ Gastrointestinal basidiobolomycosis is an emerging invasive fungal infection in desert regions of the US Southwest. Clinical findings mimic malignancy and inflammatory bowel disease. Surgical excision and prolonged antifungal therapy are associated with favorable outcomes.