Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialSingle-dose dexmedetomidine reduces agitation and provides smooth extubation after pediatric adenotonsillectomy.
Dexmedetomidine has shown sedative, analgesic, and anxiolytic effects after intravenous (IV) administration. Sevoflurane is associated with a high incidence of emergence agitation in preschool children. In this placebo-controlled study, we examined the effect of single dose dexmedetomidine on emergence agitation in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy. ⋯ We conclude that 0.5 microg.kg(-1) dexmedetomidine reduces agitation after sevoflurane anesthesia in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2005
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialA randomized-controlled study of ultrasound prelocation vs anatomical landmark-guided cannulation of the internal jugular vein in infants and children.
A specifically designed ultrasound scanner may be helpful in percutaneous cannulation of the internal jugular vein in pediatric patients. We report a new two-dimensional (2D) ultrasound prelocation (UL) technique using a transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) intraoperative probe instead of the portable scanner, and have compared the new technique with conventional anatomical landmark method (AL) for central venous catheterization in infants and children. ⋯ Two-dimensional ultrasound prelocated central venous catheterization in infants and children is convenient and can markedly increase cannulation success rate and reduce the incidence of complications.