Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effects of caudal local anesthesia blockade on the Bispectral Index during general anesthesia in children.
Peripheral deafferentation induced by epidural or spinal anesthesia reduces the degree of cortical arousal in adults. This study aimed at determining if caudal blockade decreases the level of arousal, as measured by Bispectral Index (BIS) in unstimulated children, and to determine if this effect differed between age groups. ⋯ Caudal blockade decreased the degree of arousal, as measured by BIS, in unstimulated children aged 2-5 years. No change in arousal was detected in infants.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2006
Randomized Controlled TrialOral clonidine premedication reduces minimum alveolar concentration of sevoflurane for laryngeal mask airway insertion in children.
Sevoflurane is widely employed for inhalational induction in children. Clonidine deepens volatile anesthetics and reduces several types of MAC of sevoflurane. Laryngeal mask airway is a useful device for pediatric anesthesia. The aim of the current study was to determine whether oral clonidine premedication can reduce MAC of sevoflurane for an LMA insertion in children. ⋯ Oral clonidine premedication reduced the MAC (EC50) and EC95 values of sevoflurane for LMA insertion by 38% and 28%, respectively.