Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyPrevention of hypothermia in children under combined epidural and general anesthesia: a comparison between upper- and lower-body warming.
Children receiving combined epidural and general anesthesia may be at greater risk of hypothermia. Active warming should be undertaken to combat heat loss. With combined epidural and general anesthesia heat loss from the lower body may be greater than from the upper body because of shift of blood towards the vasodilated lower body. We assumed that application of the warming blanket to the lower body might provide better protection against hypothermia. To test this hypothesis, lower-body warming (LBW) was compared with upper-body warming (UBW) in a randomized comparative study. ⋯ Lower body warming is as effective as UBW in prevention of hypothermia in children subjected to combined epidural and general anesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyHemodynamic differences between propofol-remifentanil and sevoflurane anesthesia for repair of cleft lip and palate in infants.
Propofol-remifentanil anesthesia is widely used in adults but few studies are available in infants. We aimed at comparing the hemodynamic effects of propofol-remifentanil vs sevoflurane-fentanyl anesthesia. In addition, we sought to investigate recovery and whether remifentanil induced acute opioid tolerance. ⋯ A high-dose remifentanil-propofol infusion was associated with a higher blood pressure and lower heart rate than sevoflurane-fentanyl anesthesia in infants. Postoperative morphine consumption, recovery time and quality were similar.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2007
Randomized Controlled TrialIsoflurane is associated with a similar incidence of emergence agitation/delirium as sevoflurane in young children--a randomized controlled study.
Children may be agitated or even delirious especially when recovering from general anesthesia using volatile anesthetics. Many trials have focused on the newer agents sevoflurane and desflurane but for the widely used isoflurane little is known about its potential to generate agitation. We investigated the emergence characteristics of small children after sevoflurane or isoflurane with caudal anesthesia for postoperative pain control. ⋯ In our randomized controlled study, we found no difference in the incidence of EA or ED between sevoflurane and isoflurane. Therefore, the decision to use one or the other should not be based upon the incidence of EA or ED.