Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialDoes the newer preparation of propofol, an emulsion of medium/long chain triglycerides cause less injection pain in children when premixed with lignocaine?
Injection pain during propofol administration can be particularly distressing in children. The newly available emulsion of propofol in medium and long chain triglycerides (LCT) is reported to cause less injection pain because of lower concentrations of free propofol. This study compared the incidence of injection pain during administration of propofol emulsion of LCT and propofol emulsion of medium and long chain triglycerides (MCT/LCT) both premixed with lignocaine in children. ⋯ Propofol MCT/LCT and propofol LCT premixed with lignocaine are both associated with pain on injection in children; the incidence and intensity of the injection pain are similar.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2010
Anesthesia induction, emergence, and postoperative behaviors in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorders.
Given the increasing prevalence of attention-deficit and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorders (ADHD), anesthesiologists are now presented with a greater number of children who are diagnosed with these conditions. This prospective, observational study was designed to compare anesthesia induction, emergence, and postoperative behaviors in children with and without ADHD. ⋯ This is the first prospective study to our knowledge that has examined the perioperative and postoperative behaviors of children with ADHD compared to those without this disorder. These results are important in alerting anesthesiologists, parents, and teachers to the potential for difficulties during induction of anesthesia and postoperative behavioral problems at home and in school, respectively.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2010
A new approach for peri-operative analgesia of cleft palate repair in infants: the bilateral suprazygomatic maxillary nerve block.
Congenital cleft palate (CP) is a common and painful surgical procedure in infants. CP repair is associated with the risk of postoperative airway obstruction, which may be increased with administration of opioids, often needed for analgesia. No described regional anesthesia technique can provide adequate pain control following CP repair in infants. The primary aim of this prospective and descriptive study was to observe the effectiveness of bilateral maxillary nerve blocks (BMB) using a suprazygomatic approach on pain relief and consumption of rescue analgesics following CP repair in infants. Analgesic consumption was compared to retrospective data. Complications related to this new technique in infants were also reviewed. ⋯ BMB using a suprazygomatic approach seems to improve pain relief, to decrease peri-operative consumption of opioids, and to favor early feeding resumption after CP repair in infants.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2010
Protective ventilation to reduce inflammatory injury from one lung ventilation in a piglet model.
To test the hypothesis that protective ventilation strategy (PVS) as defined by the use of low stretch ventilation (tidal volume of 5 ml x kg(-1) and employing 5 cm of positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP) during one lung ventilation (OLV) in piglets would result in reduced injury compared to a control group of piglets who received the conventional ventilation (tidal volume of 10 ml x kg(-1) and no PEEP). ⋯ Based on this model, PVS decreases inflammatory injury both systemically and in the lung tissue with no adverse effect on oxygenation, ventilation, or lung function.
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OBJECTIVES & AIM: The purpose of this investigation was to examine children's anxiety across the perioperative setting. ⋯ Identification and prevention of anxiety in children can help prevent negative outcomes following surgery.