Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2010
Incidence and predictors of hypertension during high-dose dexmedetomidine sedation for pediatric MRI.
This study reviewed the hypertensive response of a large population of children to high-dose dexmedetomidine sedation with the aim of determining the incidence and predictors of hypertension. ⋯ When high-dose dexmedetomidine is used for pediatric sedation for MR imaging, the incidence of hypertension is low. Hypertension is most likely to occur in children <1 year of age during the continuous infusion, after they have received more than one bolus of dexmedetomidine.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2010
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative StudyAirway responses to desflurane during maintenance of anesthesia and recovery in children with laryngeal mask airways.
We sought to characterize the airway responses to desflurane during maintenance of and emergence from anesthesia in children whose airways were supported with laryngeal mask airways (LMAs). ⋯ When an LMA is used during desflurane anesthesia in children, fewer airway events occur when it is removed when the child is awake. Although the time to discharge from recovery was not delayed and no child required overnight admission, caution should be exercised when using an LMA in children who are anesthetized with desflurane.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2010
Prescriptions of opioids to children and adolescents; a study from a national prescription database in Norway.
Analgesics are among the groups of drugs most frequently prescribed to children and adolescents. The prevalence of opioid use in children and adolescents is, however, not known. ⋯ The 1-year periodic prevalence of opioid use in Norwegian children and adolescents is only one-sixteenth of the previously reported prevalence in the Norwegian adult population. Children and adolescents primarily receive opioids for acute pain.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of a 3 : 1 volume mixture of propofol 1% and thiopental 2.5% in reducing the pain on injection of propofol in children.
In this prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled trial, our primary objective was to assess the effect of a 3 : 1 mixture of propofol and thiopental in reducing pain on injection in children. Our hypothesis was that a 3 : 1 mixture of propofol and thiopental (treatment) would reduce the incidence of pain on injection to 20% compared to the expected incidence of 40% in the control group of an 11 : 1 mixture of propofol and 2% lidocaine. ⋯ There was not sufficient evidence to show that a 3 : 1 mixture of propofol and thiopental was better than an 11 : 1 volume admixture of propofol and lidocaine in reducing the incidence of pain on injection to 20%.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2010
Randomized Controlled TrialLevobupivacaine-tramadol combination for caudal block in children: a randomized, double-blinded, prospective study.
The aim of this prospective study was to compare the postoperative analgesic efficacy and duration of analgesia after caudal levobupivacaine 0.125% or caudal tramadol 1.5 mg.kg(-1) and mixture of both in children undergoing day-case surgery. ⋯ Addition of tramadol increased the duration of analgesia produced by caudal levobupivacaine in children.