Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2013
Review Meta AnalysisOpioid-sparing effects of perioperative paracetamol and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in children.
Addition of paracetamol or NSAIDs significantly reduces post-operative opioid consumption in children, although not demonstrably opioid side effects.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2013
Multicenter StudyPrevention of intraoperative hypothermia in neonates and infants: results of a prospective multicenter observational study with a new forced-air warming system with increased warm air flow.
Neonates and infants are at the highest risk of developing perioperative hypothermia. A number of methods to prevent hypothermia during pediatric anesthesia are in use, and despite the fact that conventional forced-air warmers are the most effective devices, they are not always sufficient enough to maintain body temperature. Therefore, recently a new forced-air warming system with an increased warm air flow was introduced to the market. ⋯ The new forced-air warming system as a sole warming device is effective in preventing perioperative hypothermia during pediatric anesthesia in neonates and infants.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2013
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyComparison of topical tramadol and ketamine in pain treatment after tonsillectomy.
The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of topically applied ketamine or tramadol on early postoperative pain scores in children undergoing tonsillectomy. The secondary aim of the study is to assess nausea, vomiting, difficulty in swallowing, and sore throat characteristics of the patients. ⋯ Topical tramadol and ketamine seem to be safe, effective, and easy analgesic approach for decreasing tonsillectomy pain.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2013
Multicenter StudyPediatric cardiopulmonary arrest in the postanesthesia care unit: analysis of data from the American Heart Association Get With The Guidelines-Resuscitation registry.
Nearly 20% of anesthesia-related pediatric cardiopulmonary arrests (CPAs) occur during emergence or recovery. The aims of this study were to describe (i) the nature of pediatric postanesthesia care unit (PACU) CPA and subsequent outcomes and (ii) factors associated with mortality. ⋯ This study identified similar risk factors and underlying causes as described in previous reports of pediatric perioperative CPA, with higher mortality following a cardiac/hemodynamic cause.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2013
Randomized Controlled TrialPhenylephrine as a simulated intravascular epidural test dose in pediatrics: a pilot study.
A test dose is used to detect intravascular injection during neuraxial block in pediatrics. Accidental intravascular epidural local anesthetic injection might be unrecognized in anesthetized children leading to potential life-threatening complications. In children, sevoflurane anesthesia blunts the hemodynamic response when intravascular cathecolamines are administered. No studies have explored the hemodynamics and the criteria for a positive test dose result following phenylephrine in sevoflurane anesthetized children. ⋯ Phenylephrine might be a future indicator of positive intravascular test dose. Further investigation is needed to find out the phenylephrine dose that elicits a reliable hemodynamic response and whether phenylephrine needs to be dose age-adjusted in order to appreciate relevant hemodynamic changes in children receiving neuraxial blocks undergoing general anesthesia.