Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2017
Anesthetic considerations for a novel anterior surgical approach to pediatric scoliosis correction.
Idiopathic scoliosis is a condition that may require surgical correction. Limitations of previous surgical modalities, however, created the need for novel methods of repair. One such technique, a newer form of anterolateral scoliosis correction, has shown considerable promise, which our center has had substantial experience performing. ⋯ The described anesthetic and analgesic management provides a framework for delivering perioperative care for this challenging procedure, which is gaining popularity as a modality for scoliosis correction.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2017
The phenylephrine concentration-response relationship for blood pressure after nasal delivery in children.
Intranasal phenylephrine is commonly used to vasoconstrict the nasal mucosa, reducing bleeding associated with nasotracheal intubation or endoscopic sinus surgery. There are few data quantifying either absorption pharmacokinetics or phenylephrine concentration effect on blood pressure in children. ⋯ Absorption of phenylephrine through the nasal mucosa was rapid and similar to the ophthalmic formulation. Bioavailability was also similar to the ophthalmic formulation. The maximum effect (EMAX ) in children was half that in adults (EMAX 50 mm Hg).
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Oct 2017
Anatomic variations of neck vessels and the course of pediatric internal jugular veins.
Landmark-guided internal jugular vein cannulation is difficult for pediatric patients but useful, especially when ultrasound equipment is unavailable. Therefore, it is important to define the adjacent anatomic characteristics of the pediatric internal jugular vein. ⋯ The common carotid artery and internal jugular vein are farther apart as one moves down the neck, whereas the vertebral artery and internal jugular vein are getting together. Additionally, the diameter of the internal jugular vein increased.