Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialDorsal penile nerve block for circumcision in pediatric patients: A prospective, observer-blinded, randomized controlled clinical trial for the comparison of ultrasound-guided vs landmark technique.
Circumcision is a frequently performed procedure in day case pediatric surgery. Dorsal penile nerve block has proven its effectiveness for the management of acute postoperative pain after circumcision. We investigated if the ultrasound-guided placement of a dorsal penile nerve block could reduce opioid requirement as compared to a landmark-based technique. ⋯ Compared with the landmark-guided, the ultrasound-guided dorsal penile nerve block did not reduce the need for postoperative analgesia after circumcision in children, but was associated with an increase in the procedural time.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of xenon-augmented sevoflurane anesthesia on intraoperative hemodynamics and early postoperative neurocognitive function in children undergoing cardiac catheterization: A randomized controlled pilot trial.
In adults, xenon has only minimal hemodynamic side effects when compared with other anesthetics. Moreover, in preclinical experiments, xenon has been demonstrated to possess cardio- and neuroprotective properties. Altogether, the favorable hemodynamic profile combined with its potential for organ-protection could render xenon an attractive option for anesthesia in children with cardiovascular compromise. ⋯ In this pilot trial, xenon-augmented sevoflurane anesthesia in school-aged children was feasible, and associated with decreased ephedrine requirements. All children exposed to anesthesia showed impaired neurocognitive performance in the immediate postoperative period when compared to control children; however, without significant differences between both treatment groups.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2018
Randomized Controlled TrialEffects of remifentanil maintenance during recovery on emergence delirium in children with sevoflurane anesthesia.
Emergence delirium is a common complication of sevoflurane anesthesia in children. ⋯ Maintaining a low dose of remifentanil (0.05 μg/kg/min) throughout the recovery phase attenuated the incidence of emergence delirium in children undergoing strabismus surgery under sevoflurane anesthesia.