Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2020
ReviewMoyamoya disease in children and its anesthetic implications: A review.
Moyamoya disease is a rare, progressive cerebral vasculopathy which most commonly presents in the first and fourth decades of life. The mainstay of treatment is surgical revascularization; without treatment, most patients experience ischemic or hemorrhagic strokes. This report reviews moyamoya disease, its associated conditions, surgical treatment techniques, and anesthetic management of patients with moyamoya disease.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2020
Observational StudyThe use of LungUltrasoundcompared to Chest X-raytodiagnose Pneumothorax following the NussProcedure for Pectus Excavatum Repair in Children.
Pectus Excavatum is the most common deformation of the skeletal chest wall, and the Nuss procedure is used to correct this deformation. Residual pneumothorax is a frequent postoperative complication after thoracoscopy. Primary aim of this prospective observational study was to compare the level of agreement among readers using lung ultrasound and chest X-ray. ⋯ Our results support the use of lung ultrasound to diagnose pneumothorax after Nuss procedure. We found that the inter-reader accuracy was better with ultrasound compared to X-ray at our institution.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2020
Evaluation of the Relationship Between Airway Measurements with Ultrasonography and Laryngoscopy in Newborns and Infants.
A difficult laryngoscopy in young children can be a stressful situation for the pediatric anesthetist. In recent years, several measurements have been used to obtain difficult laryngoscopy markers in children. However, there is no prospective study in which ultrasonography is expected to be used for this purpose, particularly in the newborn and infant age groups. ⋯ The risk of a difficult laryngoscopy increases in children under the age of one. The preoperative airway assessment tools and body mass index had acceptable negative predictive values. We believe that all measurements could be used as markers for difficult laryngoscopy in newborns and infants.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2020
The evolution of pediatric sedation and anesthesia patient safety: An interview with Dr Charles J. "Charlie" Coté.
The career of Dr Charles J. Coté covered a period of major advances in pediatric anesthesia patient safety. ⋯ Based on a series of interviews with Dr Coté, this article reviews the career of this Robert M. Smith Award winner through the lens of improvements in pediatric sedation and anesthesia patient safety.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Nov 2020
ReviewReducing paediatric exposure to environmental tobacco smoke: the effects of paediatric exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and the role of paediatric peri-operative care.
Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has deleterious effects on a child's general health and their perioperative risk; specifically, it doubles a child's perioperative risk of adverse respiratory events, particularly laryngospasm. It increases the risk of sudden infant death syndrome, bacterial meningitis, middle ear infection, asthma, and lower respiratory tract infection. The preoperative assessment of children presenting for procedures under general anesthesia is an opportune moment to screen for exposure to ETS and give information about the risks and cessation support (if applicable). ⋯ Thus, recording a household smoking status and referring to local smoking cessation services targets a public health measure with benefits beyond the individual patient and planned anesthetic. There is no evidence in the literature of the effect of environmental exposure to electronic cigarettes ("vaping") on a child's perioperative health. Further research is needed to establish if preoperative reduction in or removal from exposure to ETS reduces the risk of respiratory adverse events in the child.