Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialDoes thiopentone delay recovery in children premedicated with midazolam?
This prospective, randomized trial of paediatric surgical outpatients, premedicated with oral midazolam, was designed to determine if an intravenous thiopentone induction of anaesthesia prolongs postoperative recovery compared to an inhalation induction with halothane. One hundred children, one to ten years of age, undergoing ENT surgical procedures of 30-60 min duration received midazolam 0.5 mg.kg-1 with atropine 0.03 mg.kg-1 and were randomized to either halothane (Group 1, n = 50) or a thiopentone induction (Group 2, n = 50) technique, followed by a standardized anaesthetic-protocol. ⋯ Patients receiving thiopentone were also more sedated than the halothane group on arrival in the PARR (3.9 +/- 1.5, 3.3 +/- 1.7, respectively P < 0.05), but the differences disappeared after 30 min. Children premedicated with oral midazolam who receive an intravenous thiopentone induction have a slightly prolonged emergence from anesthesia compared to children induced with halothane.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1997
Comparative StudyA comparison of propofol and other sedative use in paediatric intensive care in the United Kingdom.
The retrospective study was designed to examine the safety of propofol against other sedative agents when used by infusion for the sedation of children requiring mechanical ventilation. One-hundred-and-ninety-eight patients were recruited. One-hundred-and-six received propofol and 92 received other sedative agents for durations of 30 min to 156 days and 13 min to 11 days respectively. ⋯ Thirteen patients received propofol. Five nonfatal adverse events occurred, three in patients that had received propofol. The findings of the survey suggest that propofol compares favourably with other sedative agents when used for sedating children in a paediatric intensive care unit.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1997
Review Case ReportsPerioperative considerations in a newly described subtype of congenital long QT syndrome.
An infant with a newly-described subtype of congenital long QT syndrome is presented, along with her perioperative management on three separate occasions. During each anaesthetic characteristic arrhythmias occurred. The available literature and rational approaches to these high risk patients are reviewed.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1997
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialOral midazolam compared with diazepam-droperidol and trimeprazine as premedicants in children.
Ninety children were assigned randomly to one of three groups for premedication with oral midazolam 0.5 mg.kg-1, diazepam 0.25 mg.kg-1 with droperidol 0.25 mg.kg-1, or trimeprazine 2 mg.kg-1. On arrival at the anaesthetic room, anxiolysis was satisfactory in 26 out of 29 (90%) children who received midazolam compared with 23 out of 29 (79%) who received diazepam-droperidol and 18 out of 29 (62%) who received trimeprazine (P < 0.05); at induction of anaesthesia these proportions were 24 out of 29 (83%), 16 out of 29 (55%) and 11 out of 29 (40%) respectively (P < 0.001). ⋯ There were no significant differences in times to early recovery between the groups (25.4, 24.4 and 28.5 min). Analysis of behavioural questionnaires completed two weeks after hospitalization showed a trend towards fewer postoperative behavioural disturbances in children who received midazolam or diazepam-droperidol compared with trimeprazine (47 and 44% vs 75%); when the results for the benzodiazepine-containing premedicants were combined, the difference between these groups and trimeprazine was statistically significant (P < 0.05).