Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2024
Randomized Controlled TrialInverse ratio ventilation versus conventional ratio ventilation during one lung ventilation in neonatal open repair of esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula: A randomized clinical trial.
Maintaining oxygenation during neonatal open repair of esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula is difficult. Inverse ratio ventilation can be used during one lung ventilation to improve the oxygenation and lung mechanics. ⋯ There may be a role for inverse ratio ventilation with appropriate positive end-expiratory pressure to reduce the incidence of hypoxemia during open repair of esophageal atresia/tracheoesophageal fistula in neonates, further studies are required to establish the safety and efficacy of this technique.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2024
Randomized Controlled TrialComparison of preformed microcuff and preformed uncuffed endotracheal tubes in pediatric cleft palate surgery-A randomized controlled trial.
Airway management in children with oral cleft surgery carries unique challenges, concerning the proximity of the surgical site and the tracheal tube. We hypothesized that using a Microcuff oral RAE tube would reduce tube exchange and migration rate. We aimed to compare the performance of Microsoft and uncuffed oral performed tracheal tubes in children undergoing cleft palate surgeries regarding the rate of tracheal tube exchange, endobronchial intubation, and ventilatory parameters. ⋯ Microcuff oral preformed tubes performed better than uncuffed tubes regarding tube exchange during cleft palate surgery.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2024
Randomized Controlled TrialIntravenous dexamethasone does not prolong the duration of pudendal nerve block in infants and children undergoing hypospadias surgery: A randomized clinical trial.
The administration of intravenous dexamethasone increases the duration of neuraxial block and improves the quality of analgesia. However, little is known about these effects of dexamethasone on peripheral nerve blocks in children. ⋯ Administration of intravenous dexamethasone did not enhance the duration of pudendal nerve block in infants and children aged 6-36 months who underwent hypospadias surgery.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Mar 2024
Randomized Controlled Trial Pragmatic Clinical TrialEmergency front-of-neck access in infants: A pragmatic crossover randomized control trial comparing two approaches on a simulated rabbit model.
Rapid-sequence tracheotomy and scalpel-bougie tracheotomy are two published approaches for establishing emergency front-of-neck access in infants. It is unknown whether there is a difference in performance times and success rates between the two approaches. ⋯ The scalpel-bougie tracheotomy was slightly faster than the rapid-sequence tracheotomy and favored by participants, with fewer tracheal injuries. Therefore, we propose the scalpel-bougie tracheostomy as a rescue approach favoring the similarity to the adult approach for small children. The use of a comparable equipment kit for both children and adults facilitates standardization, performance, and logistics.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Feb 2024
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of augmented reality on preoperative anxiety in children and adolescents: A randomized controlled trial.
Virtual reality has been shown to be an effective non-pharmacological intervention for reducing anxiety of pediatric patients. A newer immersive technology, that of augmented reality, offers some practical advantages over virtual reality, and also seems to show beneficial effects on anxiety. The main objective of this study was to determine whether augmented reality could reduce preoperative anxiety in pediatric patients undergoing elective day surgeries. A secondary outcome was to document the level of satisfaction from pediatric patients toward augmented reality intervention. ⋯ To our knowledge, this study is the first large randomized controlled trial to provide empirical evidence of reduction in anxiety for children and adolescents using augmented reality prior to induction of general anesthesia.