Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1996
Letter Case ReportsAnaesthetic management for Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber syndrome.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Multicenter Study Comparative Study Clinical TrialA comparison of sevoflurance to halothane in paediatric surgical patients: results of a multicentre international study.
Induction, emergence and recovery characteristics were compared during sevoflurane or halothane anaesthetic in a large (428) multicentre, international study of children undergoing elective inpatient surgical procedures. Two hundred and fourteen children in each group underwent inhalation induction with nitrous oxide/oxygen and sevoflurane or halothane. Incremental doses of either study drug were added until loss of eyelash reflex was achieved. ⋯ Mean maximum inorganic fluoride concentration was 18.3 microM.l-1. The fluoride concentrations peaked within one h of termination of sevoflurane anaesthetic and returned rapidly to baseline within 48 h. This study suggests that sevoflurane may be the drug of choice for the anaesthetic management of children.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study Clinical TrialComparison of 25 G and 29 G Quincke spinal needles in paediatric day case surgery. A prospective randomized study of the puncture characteristics, success rate and postoperative complaints.
A comparison of a 25 G with a 29 G Quincke needle was performed in paediatric day case surgery. Sixty healthy children aged 1 year to 13 years were randomly allocated to have spinal anaesthesia with either 25 G or 29 G Quincke needle without an introducer needle. There was a failure rate of 10% with the 29 G spinal needle compared with 0% with the 25 G needle. ⋯ In conclusion, lumbar puncture without introducer needle was possible with both needles. The puncture characteristics favoured the 25 G needle. A shorter needle could partly alleviate the difficulties with the 29 G needle.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 1996
Randomized Controlled Trial Clinical TrialOral midazolam premedication for paediatric day case patients.
Forty-nine children having day-stay surgical procedures were randomly assigned to receive oral midazolam 0.75 mg.kg-1 or placebo in a double blind fashion. The child's level of anxiety was assessed before premedication using parental, child and observer scales. The child and observer anxiety scores were repeated in the anaesthetic room. ⋯ Observer scores decreased in the midazolam group (P < 0.02), but not in the placebo group, children below six years having the greatest decrease with midazolam. The median time to discharge from hospital was delayed by 30 min in the midazolam group (P < 0.01). Children do not require routine sedative premedication for day case procedures, but oral midazolam is useful in producing calm behaviour in those children with high observer anxiety scores.