Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2021
Perioperative hypersensitivity reactions during childhood and outcomes of subsequent anesthesia.
Pediatric perioperative hypersensitivity reactions are rare, and possibly life-threatening. Identification of precise etiology is crucial to circumvent future re-exposures. ⋯ Data on perioperative hypersensitivity reactions during childhood are rare due to limited diagnostic procedures. Different preference of general anesthetics may change the causative agent. Meticulous evaluation is necessary to safely administer subsequent anesthesia.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2021
Race and major post-operative pulmonary complications following elective inpatient pediatric otolaryngology surgery.
Compared to their white peers, black children are more likely to experience serious respiratory complications in the perioperative period. Whether a racial difference exists in the occurrence of late postoperative respiratory complications is largely unknown. Here, we evaluated a multi-institutional cohort of children who underwent various elective otolaryngology procedures to examine the racial differences in major postoperative pulmonary complications. ⋯ Black children undergoing elective otolaryngological surgery are more likely to develop major postoperative pulmonary complications.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2021
Observational StudyEpidural versus general anesthesia for open pyloromyotomy in infants: a retrospective observational study.
Thoracic epidural anesthesia for open infantile hypertrophic pyloric stenosis surgery is a controversial issue in the presence of little comparative data. ⋯ In our series, maintaining spontaneous breathing with minimal airway manipulation in patients undergoing open repair of hypertrophic pyloric stenosis under single-shot epidural anesthesia resulted in fewer desaturation events ≤90% than general anesthesia. In addition, this approach seems to result in shorter turnover times in the operating room.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Apr 2021
A comparison of cannula insufflation device performance for emergency front of neck airway.
Pediatric emergency front of neck airway guidelines recommend oxygenation via cannula cricothyroidotomy or tracheotomy. ⋯ Rapid-O2 , Enkoxygen flow meter, Manujet, and 3-way stopcock oxygenation devices produced highly variable and excessive airway pressures and volumes in models with obstructed upper airways. Self-inflating bag insufflation was unsuccessful. Ventrain was the only device that insufflated oxygen with acceptable pressures and volumes in adult, child, and infant airway models with any degree of airway obstruction.