Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2024
Comment LetterCoffin-Siris syndrome and apneas. Comment on "Coffin-Siris syndrome and delayed emergence-Is this an unusual or unknown anesthetic complication? Prabhakar P, Chandran SD, Tembhurne SA, Mathew A, Rai E. Pediatr Anesth. 2024; 00: 1-2. Doi: 10.1111/pan.14892".
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2024
ReviewEthical and practical considerations of pediatric refusal in clinical anesthesia: An educational review.
Children commonly refuse induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia providers must then decide whether to honor the child's dissent or to proceed over objection. In some circumstances, a forced induction involves restraining the child, incurring both practical and ethical harms to the patient-provider encounter. ⋯ Important legal and professional standards are summarized, and practice trends are discussed to depict the current state of practice, including novel approaches to honoring pediatric dissent for elective surgeries. This information is then used to invite providers to consider where they ethically situate themselves within a legally and professionally defined space of acceptable practice. Finally, these considerations are synthesized to discuss important nuances regarding pediatric refusal, and some key questions are presented for clinicians to ponder as they consider their practice of choosing whether to honor pediatric dissent at induction.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2024
Comparative Study Observational StudyDetermination of optimal positive end-expiratory pressure using electrical impedance tomography in infants under general anesthesia: Comparison between supine and prone positions.
This study determined the optimal positive end-expiratory pressure levels in infants in supine and prone positions under general anesthesia using electrical impedance tomography (EIT). ⋯ The prone position required higher positive end-expiratory pressure than the supine position in mechanically ventilated infants under general anesthesia. EIT is a promising tool to find the optimal positive end-expiratory pressure, which needs to be individualized.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2024
Observational StudyAn observational study of gastric contents in pediatric patients with long bone fracture using gastric ultrasound.
The retention of gastric contents at surgery presentation is a risk factor for perioperative aspiration. A preoperative fasting (nil per os; NPO) interval is widely used to reduce this risk, but this approach is based on assumptions about the prevalence of typical gastric emptying rates. We assessed NPO guidelines' reliability with ultrasound (US) imaging and suction in pediatric patients presenting for single long-bone fracture repair after appropriate NPO intervals, when nearly all should have had empty stomachs. ⋯ NPO status may be a less reliable predictor of gastric contents at anesthesia induction in this patient population than has been assumed. Bedside US screening appears to provide more useful information for the planning of airway management.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2024
Factors Influencing Willingness to Participate in Clinical Studies in Pediatric Anesthesia (FILIPPA): A vignette-based, structured interview study.
Informed consent is a relevant backdrop for conducting clinical trials, particularly those involving children. While several factors are known to influence the willingness to consent to pediatric anesthesia studies, the influence of study design on consenting behavior is unknown. ⋯ Willingness to consent decreased with increasing level of study complexity. When conducting more complex studies, greater efforts need to be made to increase the enrollment of pediatric patients.