Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2014
Impact of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.42 and 4% gelatin on renal function in a pediatric animal model.
Artificial colloids, frequently used to prevent hemorrhagic shock in children, may induce serious renal side effects in critically ill adult patients. The impact of perioperative colloid infusion on the renal function in adults and children remains unclear. ⋯ In this pediatric animal model, the infusion of moderate doses of artificial colloids was not found to have any relevant impact on renal function. Further clinical investigations are necessary to provide a conclusive assessment of the risk for renal impairment after HES and GEL administration during major pediatric surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2014
Transthoracic echocardiographic guidance for obtaining an optimal insertion length of internal jugular venous catheters in infants.
There are multiple methods of determining the optimal position of central venous catheter (CVC) tips. The purpose of this study was to assess the feasibility of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE), and compare TTE and height-based method for correct positioning of CVCs in infants undergoing cardiac surgery. ⋯ Transthoracic echocardiography is a practical method for the correct placement of the CVC tip with less variability compared to the height-based method.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Sep 2014
Impact of catecholamines in cardiac arrest due to acute asphyxia-a study in piglets.
Early intravenous epinephrine administration may help to achieve return of spontaneous circulation in cardiac arrest (CA). However, venous access can be challenging in small children. This study investigates the effect of intravenous and intramuscular epinephrine in treatment of asphyxial CA. ⋯ Intravenous and intramuscular administered epinephrine led to similar increase in plasma concentrations during resuscitation of asphyxial CA without hemodynamic or survival benefit. High endogenous epinephrine and norepinephrine plasma concentrations were negative predictors for survival.