Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2013
Multicenter Study Comparative StudyAccuracy of acoustic respiration rate monitoring in pediatric patients.
Rainbow acoustic monitoring (RRa) utilizes acoustic technology to continuously and noninvasively determine respiratory rate from an adhesive sensor located on the neck. ⋯ When compared to nasal capnography, RRa showed good agreement and similar accuracy and precision but was better tolerated in postsurgical pediatric patients.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2013
Comparative StudyWashout times of desflurane, sevoflurane and isoflurane from the GE healthcare Aisys(®) and Avance(®) Carestation(®) and Aestiva(®) Anesthesia System.
Malignant hyperthermia susceptible patients may experience a fatal reaction to volatile anesthetic gases. This study sought to determine the washout characteristics of desflurane, sevoflurane, and isoflurane from the Aisys® , Avance® , and Aestiva® anesthesia machines. (GE Healthcare, Madison, WI, USA). ⋯ This study demonstrates that saturated vapor pressure and priming concentration exert a greater effect on washout times than gas solubility. The Aisys utilizes an electronic vaporizer system that may expose the breathing system to retained saturated vapor. The breathing systems for all machines may hinder washout of gases.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2013
Skin temperature over the carotid artery provides an accurate noninvasive estimation of core temperature in infants and young children during general anesthesia.
The accurate measurement of core temperature is an essential aspect of intraoperative management in children. Invasive measurement sites are accurate but carry some health risks and cannot be used in certain patients. An accurate form of noninvasive thermometry is therefore needed. Our aim was to develop, and subsequently validate, separate models for estimating core temperature using different skin temperatures with an individualized correction factor. ⋯ Skin temperature over the carotid artery, with a simple correction factor of +0.52°C, provides a viable noninvasive estimate of Tnaso in young children during elective surgery with a general anesthetic.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2013
Ultrasound-guided rectus sheath block for pyloromyotomy in infants: a retrospective analysis of a case series.
To analyze the applicability of US-guided rectus sheath block and to find out the efficacy of analgesia provided using this method without the need for opioids in conventional Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis (HPS) surgery in infants. ⋯ US-guided rectus sheath block seems to be a simple and quick method for the provision of intra- and postoperative analgesia in infants undergoing conventional HPS surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2013
Ultrasound-guided approach to the paravertebral space for catheter insertion in infants and children.
Paravertebral perineural blocks are used to prevent pain in the thoracoabdominal dermatomes. Traditionally, a landmark-based technique is used in children, while ultrasound-guided (UG) techniques are being employed in adult patients. ⋯ This technical description demonstrates the feasibility of placing PVNB catheters using a transverse in-line ultrasound-guided technique in a wide range of pediatric patients.