Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialThe effect of I-gel ™ airway on intraocular pressure in pediatric patients who received sevoflurane or desflurane during strabismus surgery.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of I-gel(TM) laryngeal mask airway on intraocular pressure (IOP) in children with strabismus undergoing balanced anesthesia with sevoflurane or desflurane. ⋯ Insertion of I-gel(TM) laryngeal mask airway with giving sevoflurane or desflurane inhalation anesthetics seemed not to cause any increase in IOPs in pediatric ophthalmic surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialProspective model-based comparison of different laryngoscopes for difficult intubation in infants.
Difficult intubation in infants is uncommon but may be a challenge for the anesthesiologist. Many optical-assisted techniques are available to ease endotracheal placement of tube but have not been systemically evaluated for pediatric practice. ⋯ Inexperienced anesthetists have higher success rates and shorter intubation times with optical-assisted laryngoscopes compared with conventional Macintosh laryngoscope. Gyrus Infant Bullard(®) laryngoscope significantly undertakes best success rate and shortest intubation time with mildest impact to maxillary dents and easiest technique. Our findings support the hypothesis that optical laryngoscopes can be used successfully by inexperienced anesthetists in simulated difficult pediatric airway conditions.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2012
Randomized Controlled TrialClinical sedation and bispectral index in burn children receiving gamma-hydroxybutyrate.
Gamma-hydroxybutyrate (GHB) may be an interesting hypnotic agent in burn patients because of its good respiratory or hemodynamic tolerance. However, its clinical and electroencephalographic (EEG) sedative effects are not yet described in children. The aim of this prospective and randomized study was to assess clinical and EEG effects of increasing intravenous (IV) doses of GHB in burn children requiring sedation for burn wound cares. ⋯ Bispectral index decreased after GHB injection and was correlated with OAAS score. Deep sedation can be safely achieved with IV doses of 25 or 50 mg · kg(-1), but the last dose was associated with prolonged duration of clinical sedation.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2012
Anesthesia for Treacher Collins syndrome: a review of airway management in 240 pediatric cases.
To review airway management with anesthesia for children with Treacher Collins syndrome (TCS) and determine whether intubation was more difficult with increasing age. ⋯ Most children with TCS have difficult laryngoscopic views with many requiring specialized intubation techniques. Direct laryngoscopy becomes more difficult with increasing age. The laryngeal mask airway is a good choice of airway when endotracheal intubation is not required.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2012
Single-lung ventilation with carbon dioxide hemipneumothorax: hemodynamic and respiratory effects in piglets.
Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) has become a standard procedure in pediatric surgery. To facilitate surgical access, the dependent lung has to collapse using intrathoracic carbon dioxide insufflation and/or single-lung ventilation. These procedures can induce hemodynamic deteriorations in adults. The potential impacts of single-lung ventilation in combination with capnothorax on hemodynamics in infants have never been studied before. ⋯ Despite a decrease in CI and preload parameters, the combination of single-lung ventilation and low-pressure capnothorax was well tolerated in piglets and could justify further clinical studies to be performed in infants and children focusing on hemodynamic and respiratory changes during VATS.