Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2011
Reconstituted blood reduces blood donor exposures in children undergoing craniofacial reconstruction surgery.
To assess the effect of prophylactic administration of fresh-frozen plasma (FFP) in the form of reconstituted blood in children undergoing craniofacial reconstruction. The outcomes of interest included immediate postoperative coagulation laboratory test results, postoperative surgical drain output, and the number of unique blood donor exposures incurred. ⋯ Prophylactic administration of FFP in the form of donor-matched reconstituted blood in children undergoing craniofacial reconstruction was associated with improved postoperative coagulation parameters, reduced blood donor exposures, and unchanged postoperative surgical drain output.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2011
ReviewBlood transfusion risks and alternative strategies in pediatric patients.
Although the safety of the blood supply has been greatly improved, there still remain both infectious and noninfectious risks to the patient. The incidence of noninfectious transfusion reactions is greater than that of infectious complications. Furthermore, the mortality associated with noninfectious risks is significantly higher. ⋯ In order to decrease the risks associated with transfusion of blood products, various blood-conservation strategies can be utilized. Modalities such as acute normovolemic hemodilution, hypervolemic hemodilution, deliberate hypotension, antifibrinolytics, intraoperative blood salvage, and autologous blood donation are discussed and the pediatric literature is reviewed. A discussion of transfusion triggers, and algorithms as well as current research into alternatives to blood transfusions concludes this review.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2011
Multicenter StudyThe 'dark' side of sedation: 12 years of office-based pediatric deep sedation for electroretinography in the dark.
Analyze pediatric ERG data for adverse events, interventions, and outcomes of propofol sedations performed in near-complete darkness. ⋯ We demonstrated that pediatric sedation is a safe, efficient, and a cost-effective method for measuring ERGs in a challenging environment. The incidence of minor complications is low and appears similar to other studies of propofol sedation.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jan 2011
Perioperative complications in children with Apert syndrome: a review of 509 anesthetics.
To perform a retrospective, anesthesia case note review in children with Apert Syndrome. ⋯ We found there to be a low incidence of major perioperative major complications in this group of patients. Nevertheless, a significant proportion of these children have obstructive sleep apnoea and may develop supraglottic airway obstruction on induction and emergence from anesthesia due to the associated mid-face anatomical abnormalities.