Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2007
Clinical TrialStudy of the adjustment of the Ambu laryngeal mask under magnetic resonance imaging.
Our aim in this study was to analyze the adjustment of the laryngeal mask, Ambu AuraOnce, in pediatric patients during magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and to look for a correlation between clinical parameters such as the sealing pressure and the ease of introduction with radiological parameters. ⋯ The Ambu AuraOnce can be regarded as a safe product for airway maintenance in pediatric patients. No relationship was found between radiological measurements and sealing pressures.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2007
Clinical TrialA simple method to reduce the inspiratory oxygen fraction for high pulmonary blood flow patients in an operating room.
Low inspired oxygen acutely increases pulmonary vascular resistance and decreases pulmonary-systemic blood flow ratio. We present a simple method to lower inspired oxygen fraction (FIO2<0.21) without supplemental nitrogen, during mechanical ventilation by an anesthesia machine. ⋯ This simple and convenient method to decrease FIO2, has a utility in clinical situations, in which pulmonary vascular resistance is to be increased to improve systemic oxygen delivery in patients with high pulmonary blood flow during cardiac surgery.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2007
Children who refuse anesthesia or sedation: a survey of anesthesiologists.
Few articles have addressed the issue of the child who refuses anesthesia or sedation for surgery. A survey of members of the Society for Pediatric Anesthesia in the USA was conducted regarding their experience with pediatric refusal and assent for surgery. ⋯ Cancellation of planned surgery because of child refusal is not uncommon. It is important to recognize the potentially uncooperative child, particularly older children with developmental delay or a lack of understanding. Discussion with child and parents, selective use of premedication and different induction agents, distraction, play techniques, gentle restraint and the option of cancellation and review should all be considered.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2007
Case ReportsRectus sheath block: successful use in the chronic pain management of pediatric abdominal wall pain.
Seven pediatric patients (aged 11-16 years) with chronic abdominal wall pain are presented who gained significant relief from a rectus sheath block (RSB). We describe the case histories and review the relevant literature for this technique. The etiology of the abdominal wall pain was considered to be abdominal cutaneous nerve entrapment, iatrogenic peripheral nerve injury, myofascial pain syndrome or was unknown. ⋯ In the majority of cases, the procedure was carried out under general anesthesia as a daycase procedure. Local anesthetic and steroids were used. This is the first report of the successful use of this technique in the chronic pain management setting in children.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Dec 2007
The use of dexmedetomidine during laryngoscopy, bronchoscopy, and tracheal extubation following tracheal reconstruction.
We report the use of dexmedetomidine for laryngoscopy, rigid bronchoscopy, and tracheal extubation in the operating room in two children who had undergone tracheal reconstruction 1 week previously. Dexmedetomidine in combination with propofol provided appropriately deep anesthesia during these brief but stimulating procedures without cardiovascular or respiratory depression.