Paediatric anaesthesia
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2008
Intraoperative extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and survival of pediatric patients undergoing repair of congenital heart disease.
We studied the association between the introduction of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) into routine practice and the survival of children who failed weaning from cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). We compare two periods, before formal introduction of ECMO in our institution (1993-1999, pre-ECMO era) and after ECMO became a formalized program (2000-2006, ECMO era). ⋯ The availability of ECMO for neonates failing to wean from CPB was associated with improved survival, especially in children undergoing repair of the most complex congenital heart malformations. After introduction of ECMO, survival improved and no longer depended upon the complexity of surgical repair.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2008
Anatomic relationship between the internal jugular vein and the carotid artery in preschool children--an ultrasonographic study.
Central venous cannulation in young children is technically difficult and may lead to potentially serious complications especially when performed blindly or using anatomical landmarks only. ⋯ This study demonstrates that the IJV cover the CA in the majority of young children. Depth of the IJV is rarely more than 1 cm deep to the skin. Ultrasound location of the IJV and CA is easy and does not necessarily delay the procedure. The findings of this study support the use of ultrasound guidance for CVC in children.
-
Paediatric anaesthesia · Aug 2008
Case ReportsUltrasound-guided serial ilioinguinal nerve blocks for management of chronic groin pain secondary to ilioinguinal neuralgia in adolescents.
We examined the efficacy of serial ilioinguinal nerve blocks using ultrasound guidance for management of chronic inguinal pain secondary to persistent ilioinguinal neuralgia in adolescents. This case series consists of two adolescents who had persistent inguinal pain secondary to ilioinguinal neuralgia who were treated with conventional pain medications that did not relieve the pain. One patient had pain immediately following surgery while the other had pain several months after an injury. ⋯ Both the adolescents had complete relief of pain symptoms and were able to resume normal activities. There were no adverse effects associated with the blocks. Performance of serial ilioinguinal nerve blocks using ultrasonography in an outpatient setting in adolescents and adolescents with ilioinguinal neuralgia may reduce pain and allow these adolescents to resume their normal activities.