Paediatric anaesthesia
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2008
Intraoperative gastric tonometric examinations in children and infants with a new probe, combined with measurement of the endtidal PCO2.
Important progress relating to the early prediction of postoperative complications was recently achieved through the combined use of endtidal PCO(2) (P(ET)CO(2)) and gastric tonometry. The aim of this article was to present results obtained with a new tonometric instrument, proving its feasibility and extending its use to the control of anesthetized infants and children. ⋯ The tested new probe worked very well in small children. The clinical implications of the large gaps found between P(ET)CO(2) and P(g)CO(2) values in acutely ill children and children undergoing elective operations must be investigated further.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2008
Perioperative thromboprophylaxis in children: development of a guideline for management.
Venous thromboembolic (VTE) events can occur in children at the time of surgery where a patient has associated prothrombotic risk factors. There is currently little advice available to anesthetists on how to assess the risks and provide prophylaxis. ⋯ Children with multiple risk factors for VTE should be considered for prophylactic measures when presenting for prolonged major surgery.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyRocuronium-induced withdrawal movements associated with different Rocuronium injection method.
One hundred and twenty patients (3-15 years old) were randomly enrolled (four groups: each group = 30 patients) in the study. ⋯ The infusion injection of rocuronium for tracheal intubation significantly reduced the incidence and intensity of withdrawal movement on injection of rocuronium, and it neither delays the onset of muscle relaxation nor deteriorates the intubating condition.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative StudyEffect of drinks that are added as flavoring in oral midazolam premedication on sedation success.
Midazolam is one of the most frequently used agents for sedation in pediatric dentistry. The injectable form of midazolam can also be given orally. However, its bad taste has negative effects on ingestion of the drug. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of drinks which were added to mask the bitter taste of midazolam for drug acceptance and sedation. ⋯ As well as making drug ingestion much simpler, the addition of sodium citrate to the midazolam administered orally to the children increased the effectiveness of sedation.
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Paediatric anaesthesia · Jun 2008
Randomized Controlled TrialThe preventative analgesic effect of preincisional peritonsillar infiltration of two low doses of ketamine for postoperative pain relief in children following adenotonsillectomy. A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.
In literature, the use of ketamine for the preventative analgesia in the management of postoperative pain is controversial. The purpose of the present study was the clinical assessment of the efficacy of preincisional peritonsillar infiltration of two doses of ketamine on postoperative pain relief compared with peritonsillar saline in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy. ⋯ A 0.5 or 1 mg.kg(-1) dose of ketamine given at approximately 3 min before surgery by peritonsillar infiltration provides efficient pain relief during 24 h after surgery without side-effects in children undergoing adenotonsillectomy.